이상국

Since reactive oxygen radicals play an important role in carcinogenesis and other human disease states, antioxidants present in consumable fruits, vegetables, and beverages have received considerable attention as cancer chemopreventive agents. Thus, in order to identify antioxidants in plant extracts, test materials were assessed for potential to scavenge stable 1,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radicals, reduce TPA-induced free radical formation in cultured HL-60 human leukemia cells, a

Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are a class of single-stranded closed RNA molecules that are formed by precursor mRNA back-splicing or skipping events of thousands of genes in eukaryotes as covalently closed continuous loops. High-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics approaches have uncovered the broad expression of circRNAs across species. Their high stability, abundance, and evolutionary conservation among species points to their distinct properties and diverse cellular functions as efficient mic

Chemotherapy, one of the principal approaches for cancer patients, plays a crucial role in controlling tumor progression. Clinically, tumors reveal a satisfactory response following the first exposure to the chemotherapeutic drugs in treatment. However, most tumors sooner or later become resistant to even chemically unrelated anticancer agents after repeated treatment. The reduced drug accumulation in tumor cells is considered one of the significant mechanisms by decreasing drug permeability and

Besides the critical functions in hemostasis, thrombosis and the wounding process, platelets have been increasingly identified as active players in various processes in tumorigenesis, including angiogenesis and metastasis. Once activated, platelets can release bioactive contents such as lipids, microRNAs, and growth factors into the bloodstream, subsequently enhancing the platelet⁻cancer interaction and stimulating cancer metastasis and angiogenesis. The mechanisms of treatment failure of chemot

Forkhead box (FOX) proteins are multifaceted transcription factors that are significantly implicated in cancer, with various critical roles in biological processes. Herein, we provide an overview of several key members of the FOXA, FOXC, FOXM1, FOXO and FOXP subfamilies. Important pathophysiological processes of FOX transcription factors at multiple levels in a context-dependent manner are discussed. We also specifically summarize some major aspects of FOX transcription factors in association wi

Starting with an extract derived from the root of Cynanchum paniculatum Kitagawa (Asclepiadaceae) that was active in the process of inhibiting the growth of human cancer cells in culture, a phenanthroindolizidine alkaloid antofine was isolated and identified as an active principle (IC50 = 7.0 +/- 0.2 ng/ml for A549, human lung cancer cells; IC50 = 8.6 +/- 0.3 ng/ml for Col2, human colon cancer cells). Prompted by the high potency of cancer cell growth inhibition, additional action mechanism stud

Prostaglandins and nitric oxide produced by inducible cyclooygenase (COX-2) and nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), respectively, have been implicated as important mediators in the processes of inflammation and carcinogenesis. These potential COX-2 and iNOS inhibitors have been considered as antiinflammatory and cancer chemopreventive agents. In this study, we investigated the effect of natural sesquiterpenoids isolated from plants of the Zingiberaceae family on the activities of COX-2 and iNOS in cul