Seoul National University · Medicine
Professor Byung-Mo Oh's research lab specializes in neuromuscular and neurorehabilitation sciences, with a primary focus on dysphagia (swallowing disorders) and their underlying neural mechanisms. The lab investigates motor control and cortical reorganization in swallowing through advanced imaging techniques such as videofluoroscopy and corticobulbar mapping. Key research directions include the effects of therapeutic interventions—like effortful swallowing and electrical stimulation—on swallowing function and associated brain plasticity. The lab also conducts population-level epidemiological studies on traumatic brain injury (TBI) to understand long-term health trends and outcomes in South Korea.
Figures are computed from collected data and may differ slightly.
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Effortful swallowing (EFS) is a common compensatory swallowing manoeuver for dysphagia patients. We investigated the influence of EFS on temporal and spatial characteristics of the movements of the hyoid bone, larynx and epiglottis in healthy subjects. A total of 41 volunteers swallowed 10 mL of diluted barium solution using two swallowing strategies: usual and effortful swallowing (USS and EFS). The motions of the hyoid bone, larynx and epiglottis were tracked using frame-by-frame kinematic mot
To determine whether multiple sessions of electrical stimulation (ES) applied to neck muscles improve swallowing function and whether this improvement is accompanied by cortical reorganization in patients with dysphagia, before-after trials were performed on eight subjects. ES was applied for 1 hour, 5 days a week for 2 weeks. Swallowing function significantly improved after 2 weeks of ES, and this change was found to correlate with cortical reorganization measured by corticobulbar output maps.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI), a global public health concern, may lead to death and major disability. While various short-term, small-sample, and cross-sectional studies on TBI have been conducted in South Korea, there is a lack of clarity on the nationwide longitudinal TBI trends in the country. This retrospective study investigated the epidemiological TBI trends in South Korea, using a population-based dataset of the National Health Insurance (2008-2017). The crude and age adjusted TBI inciden
Acquiring gait parameters from usual walking is important to predict clinical outcomes including life expectancy, risk of fall, and neurocognitive performance in older people. We developed a novel gait analysis tool that is small, less-intrusive and is based on two-dimensional light detection and ranging (2D-LiDAR) technology. Using an object-tracking algorithm, we conducted a validation study of the spatiotemporal tracking of ankle locations of young, healthy participants (<i>n</i> = 4) by comp
(1) Background: White matter changes among individuals with mild-to-moderate traumatic brain injury (TBI) may be sensitive imaging markers reflecting functional impairment, particularly in the context of post-concussion syndrome. The objective of this study was to examine the altered white matter integrity in mild-to-moderate TBI patients compared with age-matched normal controls. (2) Methods: Diffusion tensor imaging data from 15 individuals with TBI and 15 control subjects were retrospectively
Patients with MCA infarction showed not only delayed swallowing onset and pretrigger duration, but also shorter duration of sEMG activity compared with those in healthy volunteers. Our results suggest that dysphagia after stroke might be further compromised by delayed laryngeal response especially after the start of suprahyoid muscle activity, which represents impaired laryngeal protection mechanism.
The diffusion model-based MRI SR enhances the resolution of brain MR images, significantly improving diagnostic and prognostic accuracy for AD and MCI. Superresolved 3T* images closely matched actual 3T MRIs in quality and volumetric accuracy, and notably improved the prediction performance of conversion from MCI to AD.
Abstract Introduction This study aimed to investigate alterations in whole‐brain functional connectivity after a concussion using graph‐theory analysis from global and local perspectives and explore the association between changes in the functional network properties and cognitive performance. Methods Individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI, n = 29) within a month after injury, and age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls ( n = 29) were included. Graph‐theory measures on functional conne
ObjectivesRecent evidence shows that stem cells exert neuroprotective effect through the secretion of immune modulatory, neurotrophic factors. We aimed to assess the neuroprotective effect of selected recombinant factors (RFs) detected in human adipose stem cell (hASC)-conditioned medium (CM), in a rat ischemic stroke model.MethodsIschemic stroke was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats using 2 h transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO). One hour after reperfusion, the vehicle (Dulbecco’s mod
The timing of PA can be classified as before and during the swallow with significantly different temporal characteristics. The horizontal movement of hyoid is the most important factor associated with the pathophysiology of PA in stroke patients.
The current study provides reference ranges for ultrasonographic measurements of important anatomic landmarks for LEMG. This study also provides a technique for using ultrasonography in LEMG. Ultrasonography may be used as an adjuvant to overcome certain technical pitfalls of LEMG.
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