Chang Joon Song

ABSTRACT: Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157 (FAS No. 157), Fair Value Measurements, prioritizes the source of information used in fair value measurements into three levels: (1) Level 1 (observable inputs from quoted prices in active markets), (2) Level 2 (indirectly observable inputs from quoted prices of comparable items in active markets, identical items in inactive markets, or other market-related information), and (3) Level 3 (unobservable, firm-generated inputs). Using qua

Abstract This study provides evidence that managers' career concerns affect their earnings guidance decisions. We hypothesize that CEO s who are relatively more concerned about assessments of their abilities have stronger incentives to guide the market expectations of earnings downwards to increase the likelihood of meeting or beating the expectations. Consistent with this hypothesis, we find that (i) short‐tenured CEO s, CEO s promoted from inside the firm, and nonfounder CEO s are more likely

This study on the airline industry covers the period from 1990 to 2006 and finds that “complaints” is a leading indicator of future financial performance as measured by return on sales (ROS) one-quarter ahead. Results also indicate that this effect persists into longer-term future performance (i.e., the average of one-quarter and two-quarter-ahead) as measured by return on assets (ROA) and ROS. Findings also indicate that service recovery effort in reducing mishandled baggage, is associated with

Approximately 47 (43) percent of the observations in our sample receive negative (positive) market rewards when they meet (miss) earnings expectations. We define these phenomena as perverse market rewards (PMR). We find that the likelihood of PMR is increased when (i) firms use earnings and/or expectations management; (ii) earnings growth is negative (positive) when earnings expectations are met (missed); and (iii) ownership by transient (dedicated) institutional investors is high when earnings

Background: Despite several studies having reported on the cognitive effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) in Alzheimer's disease (AD), no studies, to date have addressed the long-term effects of rTMS with cognitive training (CT). This study was aimed to investigate the long-term effects of rTMS-CT in mild AD. Methods: Patients with mild AD (Mini-mental Status Examination [MMSE] score of 21-26), diagnosed based on the diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders

We report a pathologically proved craniopharyngioma in the prepontine cistern. A 50-year-old woman presented with swallowing difficulty for 1 month. She underwent brain MR and CT imaging. T1-weighted, T2-weighted, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted images showed a large peripheral enhancing cystic

Purpose: In this study, we have evaluated the imaging features of Warthin’s tumor of the parotid gland with the use of CT and MR imaging. Materials and Methods: CT (n = 30) and MR (n = 7) images of 26 patients (M:F=23:3; age range, 38-76 years; mean age, 58 years) with surgically-proven Warthin’s tumor (n = 37) were reviewed with a focus on bilaterality, multiplicity, location, size, demarcation, margin, enhancement pattern and MR signal intensity. Results: Lesions were bilateral in seven patien

Lymphomatoid granulomatosis (LG) is a potentially malignant lymphoproliferative disorder. The lung is the most common involved site, followed by the skin and nervous system. However, LG of the central nervous system presenting with Parkinsonism is very rare. We report a patient with LG who presented with parkinsonian features such as bilateral rigidity, bradykinesia, and agitation. Brain magnetic resonance imaging showed multifocal punctuate enhanced lesions in both supra- and infratentorial are

Purpose: We wanted to report the CT image findings of the osteoma of the external auditory canal. Materials and Methods: Temporal bone CT scanning was performed on eight patients (4 males and 4 females aged between 8 and 41 years) with pathologically proven osteoma of the external auditory canal after operation, and the findings of the CT scanning were retrospectively reviewed. Not only did we analyze the size, shape, distribution and location of the osteomas, we also analyzed the relationship b

Purpose: To review reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. Materials and Methods: We reviewed 22 patients (M:F=3:19; age, 17 -46 years) with the characteristic clinical and imaging features of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome. All underwent brain MRI, and in three cases both CT and MRI were performed. In one, MRA was obtained, and in eleven, follow-up MR images were obtained. We evaluated the causes of this syndrome, its clinical manifestations, and MR findings in-clu

Although hypoglyemia may be common among neonates, brain injuries resulting from isolated neonatal hypoglycemia are rare. The condition may cause neurological symptoms such as stupor, jitteriness, and seizures, though in their absence, diagnosis is delayed or difficult. Hypoglyemia was diagnosed in a three-day-old neonate after he visited the emergency department with loose stool, poor oral intake, and decreased activity, first experienced two days earlier. Two days after his visity, several epi