Ja Won Koo

The ototoxic aminoglycoside antibiotics are essential to treat severe bacterial infections, particularly in neonatal intensive care units. Using a bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) experimental model of sepsis, we tested whether LPS-mediated inflammation potentiates cochlear uptake of aminoglycosides and permanent hearing loss in mice. Using confocal microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, we found that low-dose LPS (endotoxemia) greatly increased cochlear concentrations of aminoglyc

In horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo, lying-down nystagmus mostly beats toward the involved ear in the apogeotropic type and directs to the healthy ear in the geotropic type. The direction of lying-down nystagmus may help lateralizing the involved ear in horizontal canal benign paroxysmal positional vertigo.

OBJECTIVE: To report the nationwide prevalence of dizziness and vestibular dysfunction in the Korean population and determine the associated factors. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analysis of a nationwide health survey. METHODS: We obtained data from the 2009 to 2010 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, which were cross-sectional surveys of the South Korean civilian, non-institutionalised population aged 40 years and older (N=3267). A field survey team performed interviews and phys

BACKGROUND: Pulsatile tinnitus (PT) caused by venous sinus diverticulum is a relatively common, potentially incapacitating condition. Although treatment via an external approach or endovascular coiling has been reported, much remains unknown about the possible pathophysiological mechanisms and appropriate management of PT. OBJECTIVE: To review our case series of PT resulting from either sigmoid sinus diverticulum (SSD) or middle cranial fossa venous sinus diverticulum (MFD-VS) and to discuss the

Thinning or dehiscence of the superior semicircular canal may occur on the middle cranial fossa floor or adjacent to the superior petrosal sinus (SPS). However, no symptomatic cases of superior canal dehiscence by SPS have been previously described. A 45-year-old woman presented with left-side pulsating tinnitus, autophony and disequilibrium. Examination showed conductive hearing loss and decreased threshold of vestibular evoked myogenic potential in the left side. Sound and vibration stimuli an

OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: 1) To evaluate the efficacy of, and problems with, intratympanic gentamicin injection (ITG) in medically intractable definite Ménière's disease (MD) and secondary endolymphatic hydrops (EH); and 2) to review the vestibular status and treatment options of intractable vertigo even after ITG. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective case review and survey. METHODS: 780 patients with definite MD and secondary EH were enrolled. Long-term outcomes and problems of applied treatment options in

OBJECTIVE: To describe the results of a thorough evaluation in a large series of patients with an enlarged vestibular aqueduct (EVA), focusing on vestibular manifestations with etiological considerations. STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective chart review of patients with EVA. SETTING: Tertiary referral center. PATIENTS: A total of 22 EVA patients with a median age of 8 years (6 mo-35 yr) who underwent both audiovestibular and radiologic examinations. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Patient demographics, radiologi

To investigate HLA-associated genetic susceptibility to Meniere's disease in relation to type II collagen (CII) autoimmunity status, HLA-DRB1 genotyping and ELISA measurement of anti-CII antibody were performed in 41 Korean patients with Meniere's disease. In the anti-CII positive subgroup (20%) of patients, the frequency of HLA-DRB1*0405 was significantly increased (uncorrected) compared with both controls (63% vs 16%) and anti-CII negative patients (63% vs 12%). In the anti-CII negative subgro

<b>Objectives:</b> The aim of this study was to delineate the clinical and laboratory features suggestive of intralabyrinthine schwannoma (ILS). <b>Methods:</b> We compared the clinical features of 16 patients with ILS, who had been diagnosed at the Seoul National University Bundang Hospital from 2003 to 2018, with those of 18 patients with symptomatic unilateral intracanalicular schwannoma and randomly selected 20 patients with definite or probable unilateral Meniere's disease (MD). <b>Results:

Comorbid BPPV is a negative prognostic indicator of auditory function in ISSNHL. Concurrent BPPV in ISSNHL suggests combined damage to the utricle and may indicate severe and widespread labyrinthine damage, leading to the poor prognosis.

*Departments of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam; and †Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea Address correspondence and reprint requests to Chong Sun Kim, M.D., Ph.D., Department of Otorhinolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea; E-mail: [email protected] The authors disclose no conflicts of interest.

Among 26 patients with radiologically confirmed EVA, 5 (19.2%) exhibited positional nystagmus compatible with BPPV through Dix-Hallpike and head-roll tests. Hearing loss usually accompanied BPPV attacks, and BPPV was recurrent in three patients. Multiple semicircular canals were frequently involved in each episode, and different canals were also involved in recurrent cases. Canalith repositioning procedures were usually successful without difficulty.