Joosung Song

Consumers have shown a willingness to pay a premium for products labeled as “FT” and a preference for retailers that are seen to be more generous to their suppliers/employees. A FT product is essentially a bundle of a base product and a donation to the supplier (e.g., a coffee farmer). An altruistic rational consumer will only choose this bundle if doing so is less expensive than buying the base product and making a direct donation. For FT to be sustainable either in a competitive equilibrium or

This study examines the effects of bottom electrodes for metal ferroelectric metal (MFM) capacitor applications. We investigated the following parameters of bottom electrodes and Pb(Zr 0.53 Ti 0.47 )O 3 (PZT) thin films: substrate temperature, rf power, gas flow rate, Ar/O 2 ratio, electrode material, and post-annealing effect. Bottom electrodes grown at 300°C for Pt and 200°C for RuO 2 exhibited a film resistivity of 10 -4 Ω·cm, had a surface roughness of approximately 55 Å and a preferred crys

The tunable microstrip patch antenna using electrostatic force is presented. The antenna was patterned on the top side of a (poly-ethylene terephthalte) film. When a DC bias voltage is applied between the flexible patch and the fixed ground plane, the flexible patch bends downwards towards the fixed ground plane owing to the electrostatic force of attraction. The bending of the flexible patch decreases the air-gap, and consequently the effective permittivity of the antenna is increased. By incre

An air-gap microstrip patch antenna using Pb(Zr,Ti)O 3 (PZT) post and a microstrip patch antenna using LiNbO 3 substrate were fabricated. It is suggested that the operating frequency of the microstrip patch antenna can be controlled by an electric field using piezoelectric material as its substrate. The frequency shift versus the electric field were 1.90 MHz-cm/kV with DC bias, 6.12 MHz-cm/kV with AC bias at the air-gap microstrip patch antenna and 5.57 MHz-cm/kV with DC bias at the LiNbO 3 micr

Consumers have shown a willingness to pay a premium for products labeled as “Fair Trade, ” and to prefer retailers that are seen as more generous to their suppliers/employees. A fair trade product is essentially a bundle of a base product and a donation to the supplier (e.g., a coffee farmer). An altruistic rational consumer will only choose this bundle if doing so is less expensive than buying the base product and making a direct donation. Thus, for fair trade to be sustainable in a competitive

In this study, the modeling and experimental results for the resonant characteristics of Pb(Zr, Ti)O3 (PZT) films with various thicknesses have been investigated in film bulk acoustic wave resonators (FBARs). PZT films and Pt electrodes were fabricated by rf magnetron sputtering. The electrodes and PZT were patterned by simple lift-off processing and then the back side of the silicon was etched by 45wt% KOH. The crystal structure of PZT films with 0.5, 1 and 2 μ m thickness was investigated by x

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to present a new perspective on the marketing-R & D interface by modelling firms that develop new products in a duopolistic market. Design/methodology/approach – By using a game-theoretic modelling approach, this study examines strategic delegation, through which the marketing and R & D managers of each firm are given authority over pricing and new products’ quality levels. Findings – Interestingly, the study finds that the case where two managers w