Seong Yong Lee

The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors for presence and severity of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) at the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Korean children and adolescents. A retrospective chart review of children and adolescents newly diagnosed with T1DM was conducted in seven secondary and tertiary centers in Korea. Eligible subjects were < 20 years of age and had records on the presence or absence of DKA at the time of T1DM diagnosis. DKA severity was categorized as mil

Neonatal TSH levels of healthy normal newborns are related with multiple factors. Acute stress during delivery may influence the neonatal TSH level in early neonatal period.

BACKGROUND: The SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern exhibit distinct features in terms of transmissibility and virulence. This study compared the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 in children during pre-Delta, Delta and Omicron waves. METHODS: Medical records of 1163 children <19 years of age with COVID-19 admitted to a designated hospital in Seoul, South Korea, were analyzed. Clinical and laboratory findings during the pre-Delta (March 1, 2020, to June 30, 2021; 330 children), Delta (July 1, 2021

Croup is an acute upper respiratory disease primarily caused by the parainfluenza virus. Owing to inflammation and edema of the upper airways, children present with barky cough and stridor, and some may experience respiratory distress. We investigated children aged < 5 years with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) admitted to two hospitals in Seoul, South Korea, and observed a spike in croup cases during the omicron surge. Among the 569 children admitted from March 1, 2021 to February 25, 2022,

Signalling through the IGF1R [type 1 IGF (insulin-like growth factor) receptor] and canonical Wnt signalling are two signalling pathways that play critical roles in regulating neural cell generation and growth. To determine whether the signalling through the IGF1R can interact with the canonical Wnt signalling pathway in neural cells in vivo, we studied mutant mice with altered IGF signalling. We found that in mice with blunted IGF1R expression specifically in nestin-expressing neural cells (IGF

OBJECTIVES: Prolactin (PRL) stimulates the mammary glands development; however, it also inhibits gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) secretion. We evaluated the relationship between PRL levels and puberty in girls with precocious breast development. METHODS: This study included 244 girls with breast development < 8 years of age. Patients were categorized as central precocious puberty (CPP) [peak luteinizing hormone (LH) levels ≥ 5 IU/L after GnRH stimulation] versus non-CPP (NPP) group. High P

The objectives of this study are to apply univariate search and genetic algorithm to tank model, and compare the two optimization methods. Hydrologic data of Baran watershed during 1996 and 1997 were used for correction the tank model, and the data of 1999 to 2000 were used for validation. RMSE and R2 were used for the tank model's optimization. Genetic algorithm showed better result than univariate search. Genetic algorithm converges to general optima, and more population of potential solution

Generally, structures are analyzed as continuum. However, sometimes it is more efficient to analyze structure as a discrete model rather than as a continuum model in case of the structure has complex shape or loading condition. This study, therefore, suggests an improved analysis discrete model, named Equivalent Truss Model (further as “ETM”), which can obtain similar results with analyzing continuums analysis. ETM adopts a lattice truss to compose the members of the model, and analyses the stru

Insulin like growth factor (IGF)-1 signaling through type 1 IGF receptor (IGF1R) is essential to the normal growth and development of the central nervous system. IGF-1 stimulates proliferation of neural stem cells and neural progenitors. IGF-1 also promotes survival and differentiation of neurons and oligodendrocytes, including neuritic outgrowth, synaptogenesis, and myelin production. The phosphatidylinositol 3 kinase (PI3)-Akt pathway and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase pathway are two

스마트폰과 태블릿 PC 등의 모바일 디바이스가 대중화 되고 그 성능이 비약적으로 발전함에 따라 모바일 플랫폼이 게임시장에서 차지하는 비중은 매우 커졌다. 이러한 추세에 따라 기존에 서비스되던 PC 게임을 모바일 플랫폼에서도 제공하거나, 모바일 디바이스와 PC 등 여러 가지 플랫폼을 이용해 서비스를 제공하는 멀티 플랫폼 게임들이 점점 늘어나고 있다. 멀티 플랫폼 게임은 모바일 서비스의 편의성과 기존 PC게임 수준의 우수한 품질을 갖춘 게임 콘텐츠를 사용자가 원하는 디바이스에 맞게 서비스할 수 있다는 큰 장점이 있지만, 이를 위해서는 각 디바이스별로 요구되는 물리적인 제한사항에 맞추어 사용자 인터페이스를 디자인하는 과정이 필수적이다.BR 따라서 본 연구는 다양한 플랫폼에 알맞은 인터페이스를 제공해야하는 멀티 플랫폼 게임의 경우, 사용자들의 인터페이스 개선 요구와 그에 대응하는 디자인이 적용될 필요가 있을 것이라 예상하고, 특정 게임을 연구 대상으로 선정하여 이를 증명한다. 또한, 본 연

Purpose This study was to evaluate the effect of neonatal, maternal, and delivery factors on neonatal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) of healthy newborns. Methods Medical records of 705 healthy infants born through normal vaginal delivery were reviewed. Neonatal TSH levels obtained by neonatal screening tests were analyzed in relation to perinatal factors and any associations with free thyroxine (FT4) and 17-α hydroxyprogesterone (17OHP) levels. Results An inverse relationship was found betwee

Signalling through the IGF1R [type 1 IGF (insulin-like growth factor) receptor] and canonical Wnt signalling are two signalling pathways that play critical roles in regulating neural cell generation and growth. To determine whether the signalling through the IGF1R can interact with the canonical Wnt signalling pathway in neural cells in vivo, we studied mutant mice with altered IGF signalling. We found that in mice with blunted IGF1R expression specifically in nestin-expressing neural cells (IGF