Tae-Hyun Jung

Using population-wide data on inventors and their demographic characteristics, the paper analyzes trends and patterns by technologies in age, the level of education, and gender gap. We find that the education level of inventors has risen over time. We also find that the gender gap is closing but at slower pace than in other comparable areas of society. Much to our surprise, the average age of inventors has been falling in all areas, despite rising levels of education. To explain the latter findi

We observed substantial imbalances in baseline comorbidities and treatment outcomes between Medicare beneficiaries and trial participants aged 65 years or older. Immunosuppression-related toxic effects, including infections, may have been somewhat reduced in trials by more frequent dose reductions and exclusion of patients with ongoing infections. Selective eligibility criteria and closer monitoring of trial patients may be responsible for limited generalizability of trial data to clinical pract

Nonprofit organizations must address their social missions while breaking even financially, facing trade-offs between mission responsive and financially rewarding actions, including alternative pricing policies. The paper draws on alternative theories of nonprofit pricing. In one theory, nonprofits price their services to maximize net revenue. In another theory, nonprofits price their services to achieve maximum mission impact within the constraint of financial solvency. These theories are explo

However, all direct EPO applications with national precursor applications are included.

Abstract Governments oftentimes fail to satisfy high demanders of public services, leaving room for the nonprofit sector. How can the government deal with this government failure? Must it resort to tax increases or should it engage the nonprofit sector? Using the public polls conducted in the wake of Hurricane Katrina, this study aims to explore an empirical answer to this question. In particular, we contrast the determinants of the willingness of an individual to pay more tax with those of the

This analysis of trends in the number of filings for patents, utility models and trademarks in Korea from 1962 to 2009 identifies a close relationship between the evolution of the mix of these three types of intellectual property rights and the development pathway of the Korean economy, characterized by the successive leading roles of low-technology domestic market-oriented consumer goods industries, assimilation of advanced technologies through imitation, and the development of research- and in

Research co-production is increasingly seen as one of the most effective ways to ensure research impact.Rooted in 'engaged scholarship' -the perspective that research is a collective rather than a solitary exercise -it offers academics and practitioners the opportunity to jointly initiate, develop and implement a research project, to follow it through, analyse the data, and to share and publicise the findings.As the approach blurs and challenges traditional boundaries of 'the researcher' and 'th

In contrast to the vast literature on verifying the importance of formal R&D activities measured as patent registrations, this paper explores the possibility of not patent but trademark-driven path of latecomer firms’ technological development. The study is motivated by the evidence from the Korean data showing the existence of two groups of sectors where firms in the one group tended to file more trademarks than patents. We find that in the first group of sectors, like food, apparel, and ph

This paper uses register-linked patent records covering an extended period 1985-2007 to analyze detailed demographic profiles of inventors. The analysis covers about 80 percent of all inventors with Swedish addresses listed on European Patent Office records. Examining temporal trends of gender, age, and education shows that the body of inventors is becoming more balanced in gender, younger, and more educated. However, the rate at which female inventors are entering into patenting has slowed down

Patents conforming to technology standards (essential patents) in a rapidly-changing and technology-intensive industry such as mobile telecommunication industry have strategic values to the holder of the patent. Firms who play in such an industry, either manufacturers, parts suppliers, or non-practicing entities, thus fiercely compete against each other to develop standards-conformant technologies. In mobile telecommunication industry, complex dynamics among firms (that stems from the different

In this study, we compared the profile of German Transnational Patents with the patenting profiles of other countries from several different angles. Germany is a stronghold in international patenting in terms of the absolute number of filings (ranked the third only after the United States and Japan) and the number of filings per employee (ranked the fourth after Swiss, Sweden, and Finland). However, its growth rate is lower than the top-patenting countries and even below the EU average. This ind

Innovation comprises the processes of invention and commercialization. While the importance of innovation, especially commercialization, has been widely recognized, existing studies have largely overlooked the commercialization process. By examining the determinants of uses and nonuses of patented inventions from firms at the levels of technology, organization, and project/invention, this study attempts to help fill a critical gap in the literature. In doing so, it enriches theoretical understan