Young-Bum Heo

Continence and micturition involve urethral closure. Especially, insufficient strength of the pelvic floor muscles including the urethral sphincter muscles causes urinary incontinence (UI). Thus, it is most important to understand the main mechanism causing UI and the relationship of UI with the urethral sphincter. Functionally and anatomically, the urethral sphincter is made up of the internal and the external sphincter. We highlight the basic and clinical anatomy of the internal and the extern

The present study was designed to define how dietary fat type regulates body adiposity in dietary obesity-susceptible (DOS) Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats. Eighty-three SD rats received a purified diet containing 50 g maize oil (MO)/kg for 3 weeks and then thirty-nine of the rats, designated as the DOS rats, were allotted to diets containing 160 g MO (DOS-MO), beef tallow (DOS-BT) or fish oil (DOS-FO)/kg for 9 weeks. As a result of the experiment, the DOS-FO rats had significantly (P<0.05) reduced wei

Irreversible peripheral neurodegenerative diseases such as diabetic peripheral neuropathy are becoming increasingly common due to rising rates of diabetes mellitus; however, no effective therapeutic treatments have been developed. One of main causes of irreversible peripheral neurodegenerative diseases is dysfunction in Schwann cells, which are neuroglia unique to the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Because homeostasis of calcium (Ca2+) and magnesium (Mg2+) is essential for Schwann cell dynamic

Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) is the most common inherited motor and sensoryneuropathy. Previous studies have found that, according to CMT patients, neuropathicpain is an occasional symptom of CMT. However, neuropathic pain is not considered to bea significant symptom associated with CMT and, as a result, no studies have investigatedthe pathophysiology underlying neuropathic pain in this disorder. Thus, the first animalmodel of neuropathic pain was developed by our laboratory using an adenov

Objective : While many factors contribute to aging, changes in calcium homeostasis and calcium related neuronal processes are likely to be important. High intracellular calcium is toxic to cells and alterations in calcium homeostasis are associated with changes in calcium-binding proteins, which confine free Ca2+. We therefore assayed the expression of the calcium binding proteins calretinin and calbindin in the central auditory nervous system of rats. Methods : Using antibodies to calretinin an

Ethyl pyruvate (EP), as a pyruvate derivative, has the protective effect on oxidative-stress-mediated cellular injury. In previous studies, it has been reported that EP provides protection against neuronal injury in brain, for example transient cerebral ischemia. However, the inhibition effect of EP on peripheral nerve injury is still unknown. Here, we investigated the inhibition effect of EP in Schwann cell de-differentiation and proliferation during Wallerian degeneration using ex vivo sciatic

본 연구(II)는 한국인이 모델로 된 그림교재를 개발하고, 더 나아가 한국인 고유의 체형과 체질에 맞는 수술기자재와 치료보조기구들을 제작하기 위한 기초 작업으로 수행되었으며, 하반신을 구성하고 있는 엉치뼈(sacrum), 볼기뼈(hip bone) 및 다리뼈(lower limb)를 중심으로 고찰했다. 한국인 뼈대와 외국의 그림교재에서 제시한 사진 및 그림모델과의 형태상, 수치상의 차이를 조사하기 위해 경희대학교 의과대학 해부학교실에서 보유한 뼈들의 실제계측에 따른 지수들을 산출한 후, 비교적 인지도가 높은 외국의 그림교재에 제시된 그림이나 사진들의 계측 지수들과 비교 분석했고, 이를 사용하여 엉치뼈, 볼기뼈 및 다리뼈를 구성하는 각각의 뼈들을 도면에 그려 한국형 뼈대의 그림교재를 미술 해부학적인 측면에서 제작했다. 그 결과, 외국의 그림교재들은 백인의 뼈대계측에만 부합되게 제작되었거나, 또는 백인들의 실제 계측치와도 달리 과장되고 왜곡되게 표현된 것들이 있었으며, 드물게 다른 인종으로

Distal spinal muscular atrophy type V (dSMA-V) is a hereditary neurodegenerative axonal neuropathy and a glycyl-tRNAsynthetase (GARS)-associated neuropathy that is caused by a mutation in GARS. Herein, we report a new GARSassociatedneuropathy mouse model using an adenovirus vector system equipped with a neuron-specific promoter. In thismodel, we showed an increased number of activated microglia around the L129P mutant-expressing motor neuron cellbodies and the increased nerve injury signal in L1

자발적인 운동은 성체의 해마 (hippocampus) 내 치아이랑 (dentate gyrus)에서 신경세포생성 (neurogenesis)의 급격한 증가를 유발한다. 본 연구에서는 자발적인 운동에 의해 유도되는 치아이랑의 신경세포 생성의 증가에 따른 기존 과립세포의 활성 변화를 calbindin-D28k에 대한 면역조직화학법을 이용하여 관찰하였 다. 먼저 운동 중에 변화하는 치아이랑의 신경줄기세포의 분열과 분화의 양상을 관찰하기 위하여 Ki-67과 doublecortin에 대한 면역염색을 시행하였다. 그 결과 Ki-67에 염색된 세포의 수는 1주 운동군에서 가장 많았고 6주 운동군에서는 1주 운동군에 비하여 감소하였으나, 대조군에 비하여 증가하는 경향을 보였다. 새로 형성된 과립세포를 보여주는 doublecortin에 대한 염색성은 1주 운동군에서 증가하고 6주 운동군에서는 1주 운동군에 비하여 감소하였다. 또한 치아이랑과 CA3 영역을 연결하는 mossy fiber에 염색된 doub

Selective labeling of small populations of neurons of a given phenotype for conventional neuronal tracing is diffi cult because tracers can be taken up by all neurons at the injection site, resulting in nonspecifi c labeling of unrelated pathways. To overcome these problems, genetic approaches have been developed that introduce tracer proteins as transgenes under the control of cell-type-specifi c promoter elements for visualization of specifi c neuronal pathways. Th e aim of this study was to e

Background and Objectives：Fod restriction increases life span, reduces aging rate and affects a wide variety of biolo-gical functions. Neurotransmitter is a substance released from the axon terminal of a presynaptic neuron on excitation, which diffuses across the synaptic cleft to either excite or inhibit the target cell. The nervous system makes use of neurotransmitters for signaling. We investigated the change of imunoreactivity of neuropeptides in olfactory bulb of rat after food restriction.

Glycyl-tRNA synthetase (GARS)-associated neuropathy caused by a mutation in GARS is a hereditary axonal neuropathy involving motor functional impairment. In this review, we describe a novel GARS-associated mouse neuropathy model produced using an adenovirus vector system containing a neuron-specific promoter. These adenovirus vector-mediated animal models are based on GARS mutations and have been generated by viral delivery of GARS proteins to the long peripheral axons of mice. Using the highly

Early effective in vitro profiling using a vast collection of compounds is crucial to identify hits from large-scale drug screening to find novel therapeutic targets. The usage of molecules with distinct structural properties enhances the possibility of finding fascinating leads and compounds with various biological functions. This study aimed to find effective structures for inhibiting the proliferation of de-differentiated Schwann cells. In this study, we investigated the anti-proliferative ef

Background and Objectives：It is well-established that neurogenesis continues to occur during life in the restricted brain areas, such as the glomerular and granule cell layers of the olfactory bulb. Doublecortin is a protein required for neuronal migration in the developing brian and olfactrory bulb, and is expressed in postmitotic migrating and differentiating neurons during embryonic aged rat compared with new born rat. Materials and Method：Four months old (control group, n=7) and 24 months ol