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[论文解读] DUVET: sub-kiloparsec resolved star formation driven outflows in a sample of local starbursting disk galaxies

Bronwyn Reichardt Chu, David B. Fisher|arXiv (Cornell University)|Feb 27, 2024
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena被引用 5
一句话总结

本论文利用 Keck/KCWI 对 10 颗本地星爆盘型圆盘星系中由星形成驱动的外流进行亚千秒差距尺度分辨的测量,确立了外流属性如何随局部 SFR 和恒星质量表面密度的比例关系。

ABSTRACT

We measure resolved (kiloparsec-scale) outflow properties in a sample of 10 starburst galaxies from the DUVET (Deep near-UV observations of Entrained gas in Turbulent galaxies) sample, using Keck/KCWI observations of H$β$ and [OIII]~$λ$5007. We measure $\sim460$ lines-of-sight that contain outflows, and use these to study scaling relationships of outflow velocity ($v_{ m out}$), mass-loading factor ($η$; mass outflow rate per SFR) and mass flux ($\dotΣ_{ m out}$; mass outflow rate per area) with co-located SFR surface density ($Σ_{ m SFR}$) and stellar mass surface density ($Σ_{\ast}$). We find strong, positive correlations of $\dotΣ_{ m out} \propto Σ_{ m SFR}^{1.2}$ and $\dotΣ_{ m out} \propto Σ_{\ast}^{1.5}$. We also find shallow correlations between $v_{ m out}$ and both $Σ_{ m SFR}$ and $Σ_{\ast}$. Our resolved observations do not suggest a threshold in outflows with $Σ_{ m SFR}$, but rather we find that the local specific SFR ($Σ_{ m SFR}/Σ_\ast$) is a better predictor of where outflows are detected. We find that outflows are very common above $Σ_{ m SFR}/Σ_\ast\gtrsim 0.1$~Gyr$^{-1}$ and rare below this value. We argue that our results are consistent with a picture in which outflows are driven by supernovae, and require more significant injected energy in higher mass surface density environments to overcome local gravity. The correlations we present here provide a statistically robust, direct comparison for simulations and higher redshift results from JWST.

研究动机与目标

  • 通过在一个局部高SFR样本中测量分辨的外流属性来推动并约束星形成驱动外流如何调控星系盘。
  • 量化外流质量通量和速度如何随局部星形成率表面密度和恒星质量表面密度的尺度关系。
  • 评估 Sigma_SFR 是否存在影响外流的阈值,并识别最能预测外流发生的局部参数。
  • 将观测得到的尺度关系与超新星驱动与辐射驱动外流的理论模型以及模拟进行比较。

提出的方法

  • 获取 10 颗正视角、DUVET 星系的 KCWI 红侧立体数据,分辨率达到亚角秒。
  • 在每个像元上用单高斯和双高斯拟合 Hβ 和 [OIII] 5007 发射线,以使用 BIC 判据识别外流分量。
  • 从高斯拟合中计算 v_out,定义为 |v_narrow−v_broad|+2σ_broad,在需要时校正仪器色散和星系倾角。
  • 利用消减后 Hβ 与 Hα/Hβ 标度推导逐像元的 SFR,并计算局部 SFR 与恒星质量表面密度。
  • 使用正交距离回归研究 dotΣ_out、η 和 v_out 相对于 Σ_SFR 与 Σ_* 的幂律标度。
Figure 1: Example fits from DUVET target UGC 01385. Left panel: an RGB image of UGC 01385 (R: Pan-STARRS z-band, G: Pan-STARRS r-band, B: Pan-STARRS g-band). Large green rectangle shows the footprint of our KCWI observations. Blue, purple and orange small squares show highlighted KCWI spaxels, for w
Figure 1: Example fits from DUVET target UGC 01385. Left panel: an RGB image of UGC 01385 (R: Pan-STARRS z-band, G: Pan-STARRS r-band, B: Pan-STARRS g-band). Large green rectangle shows the footprint of our KCWI observations. Blue, purple and orange small squares show highlighted KCWI spaxels, for w

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1外流属性(速度、质量通量、质量装载)与局部气体/星形成属性(Σ_SFR、Σ_*)之间的分辨关系是什么?
  • RQ2星爆盘中局部区域在随 Σ_SFR 变化的外流驱动效率上,是否显示阈值或连续趋势?
  • RQ3哪些局部参数最能预测这些星系中外流的存在与强度?
  • RQ4观测到的标度关系与能量驱动和动量驱动外流模型及模拟相比如何?
  • RQ5分辨的局部测量与文献中的全球星系外流关系相比如何?

主要发现

  • DotΣ_out 相对 Σ_SFR 的尺度为约 Σ_SFR^1.2(纠正了消光)以及约 Σ_SFR^1.0–1.25(未纠正,取决于方法)。
  • DotΣ_out 也随 Σ_* 以 ~Σ_*^1.7 的关系变化(纠正消光)。
  • v_out 对 Σ_SFR 和 Σ_* 的依赖较浅,而非显著阈值。
  • 局部特定 SFR(Σ_SFR/Σ_*)是预测外流检测位置的更好指标,胜于仅用 Σ_SFR。
  • 在 Σ_SFR/Σ_* ≳ 0.1 Gyr^-1 以上时,外流较常见;低于此值时较少。
  • 结果支持以超新星驱动的外流图景,需要更高表面密度环境来克服局部重力,并给出可用于模拟和 JWST 时代比较的定量标度。
Figure 2: Summed total galaxy quantities for our 10 face-on DUVET galaxies (blue circles) and 5 DUVET edge-on galaxies (blue squares, McPherson et. al. in prep ) compared with entire galaxy measurements from nearby dwarf galaxies measured in emission (down triangles, up triangles: McQuinn et al., 20
Figure 2: Summed total galaxy quantities for our 10 face-on DUVET galaxies (blue circles) and 5 DUVET edge-on galaxies (blue squares, McPherson et. al. in prep ) compared with entire galaxy measurements from nearby dwarf galaxies measured in emission (down triangles, up triangles: McQuinn et al., 20

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