[论文解读] Li-Rich Agb/Rgb Stars: Lithium Abundances And Mass Loss
本研究利用对富含锂和贫锂巨星校准的改进Reimers公式,探讨了富锂AGB/RGB星中锂丰度与质量损失率之间的关系。研究发现,富锂星的质量损失率通常低于典型的C型或O型巨星,表明锂的富集并非由增强的质量损失驱动,而更可能源于内部过程(如Cameron-Fowler机制)。
Most metal-rich AGB/RGB stars present strong Li underabundances, since this element is easily destroyed in the high temperatures of the stellar interiors. In spite of this fact, several of these stars are Li-rich, having Li abundances given by log (Li/H) + 12 > 1.5. In a previous work we have shown that high-metallicity Li-rich stars follow the same average Li abundance trend with metallicity as the metal-poor stars, although with a larger dispersion. More recently, we have investigated the existence of correlations of the Li abundances with several physical properties of the stars, such as the effective temperature, mass, radius, and luminosity. In the present work, we extend this investigation to the expected mass loss rates of these stars. Specifically, we look for correlations between the Li abundances and the mass loss rates or related parameters in Li-rich AGB/RGB stars. We have estimated the mass loss rates using a modified form of the Reimers formula and applied it to a large sample of 104 Li-rich giant stars for which reliable stellar data are available. Our proposed method assumes a linear relation between the stellar luminosity and the Li abundance, so that the luminosity can be estimated from the Li abundance. The stellar mass is then obtained from the effective temperature and luminosity using recent evolutionary tracks. The stellar radius can be determined from the stellar gravity, so that the mass loss rate can be calculated using an adequate calibration involving both Li-rich and Li-poor stars in the AGB/RGB branches. The results show that most Li-rich stars have lower mass loss rates compared with C-rich or O-rich giants that do not present Li enhancements.
研究动机与目标
- 研究金属丰度丰富的AGB/RGB星中锂丰度与质量损失率之间的关系。
- 确定增强的质量损失是否为某些巨星中观测到的锂富集的原因。
- 利用光度、有效温度、表面重力与锂丰度之间的相关性,校准富锂星的质量损失率。
- 将推导出的富锂星质量损失率与贫锂巨星的质量损失率进行比较,以评估质量损失在锂生成中的作用。
- 检验锂富集与内部混合过程相关而非与外部质量损失事件相关的假设。
提出的方法
- 应用改进的Reimers质量损失公式,从有效温度、表面重力和锂丰度等恒星参数推导质量损失率。
- 假设恒星光度与锂丰度之间存在线性相关性,从而可由ǫ(Li)估算光度。
- 利用近期的演化轨迹,根据有效温度和光度计算恒星质量。
- 通过重力和质量推导恒星半径,进而利用校准关系计算质量损失率。
- 使用Gullieuszik等(2012)和Groenewegen等(2009)独立测定质量损失率的贫锂星对方法进行校准。
- 最终得出经验关系式:dM/dt = 1.74 × 10⁻¹² × 10^(1.629 × ǫ(Li)) × (g)^(1/2),其中质量单位为M⊙,g单位为cm/s²。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1在富锂AGB/RGB星中,锂丰度与质量损失率之间是否存在显著相关性?
- RQ2如果质量损失触发了锂的生成,富锂巨星的质量损失率是否高于贫锂巨星?
- RQ3能否利用恒星参数和经验校准可靠地估算富锂星的质量损失率?
- RQ4推导出的富锂星质量损失率与贫锂C型和O型巨星相比如何?
- RQ5增强的质量损失是否是演化巨星中锂富集的合理机制?
主要发现
- 本研究基于锂丰度、重力和有效温度,推导出适用于富锂AGB/RGB星的质量损失率校准公式。
- 在104个天体的样本中,富锂星的质量损失率显著低于典型的C型和O型巨星。
- 推导出的质量损失率的平均不确定性估计为±0.5 dex,与观测到的贫锂星的不确定性相当。
- 结果表明,锂富集与增强的质量损失无关,与早期认为锂过量与强烈质量抛射相关的观点相矛盾。
- 富锂星观测到的质量损失率与H"ofner & Andersen(2007)对O型AGB星的模型一致,尽管数值上更低。
- 数据表明,内部过程(如Cameron-Fowler机制)比外部质量损失现象更可能是锂富集的原因。
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