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[论文解读] Performance Analysis of Active Large Intelligent Surfaces (LISs): Uplink Spectral Efficiency and Pilot Training

Minchae Jung, Walid Saad|arXiv (Cornell University)|Mar 31, 2019
Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies参考文献 48被引用 35
一句话总结

该论文在带有导频训练的实际上行帧结构下分析主动LIS系统的上行频谱效率,推导在导频污染下的渐近SSE界限与最优导频长度,适用于单LIS和多LIS情形。

ABSTRACT

Large intelligent surfaces (LISs) constitute a new and promising wireless communication paradigm that relies on the integration of a massive number of antenna elements over the entire surfaces of man-made structures. The LIS concept provides many advantages, such as the capability to provide reliable and space-intensive communications by effectively establishing line-of-sight (LOS) channels. In this paper, the system spectral efficiency (SSE) of an uplink LIS system is asymptotically analyzed under a practical LIS environment with a well-defined uplink frame structure. In order to verify the impact on the SSE of pilot contamination, the SSE of a multi-LIS system is asymptotically studied and a theoretical bound on its performance is derived. Given this performance bound, an optimal pilot training length for multi-LIS systems subjected to pilot contamination is characterized and, subsequently, the performance-maximizing number of devices that the LIS system must service is derived. Simulation results show that the derived analyses are in close agreement with the exact mutual information in presence of a large number of antennas, and the achievable SSE is limited by the effect of pilot contamination and intra/inter-LIS interference through the LOS path, even if the LIS is equipped with an infinite number of antennas. Additionally, the SSE obtained with the proposed pilot training length and number of scheduled devices is shown to reach the one obtained via a brute-force search for the optimal solution.

研究动机与目标

  • 为主动LIS推动LIS成为近场、空间密集通信的范例。
  • 为主动LIS开发一个具有实际3GPP风格帧结构的上行SSE框架。
  • 刻画多LIS部署中导频污染的影响。
  • 推导最大化SSE的最优导频训练长度和调度策略。
  • 提供SSE在大量LIS天线数量下的扩展性洞察。

提出的方法

  • 建立一个上行LIS系统模型,该系统包含N个LIS、每个LIS单元有K个设备、每个LIS单元有M个天线。
  • 对期望链路采用LOS主导的LIS信道模型,对跨LIS干扰采用瑞卡/非LOS模型,并考虑空间相关性。
  • 采用类似3GPP的上行帧,包含t个导频符号和T-t个数据符号,并使用LS信道估计进行导频污染分析。
  • 在LS CSI与MF接收下推导SINR表达式,纳入同LIS内/跨LIS干扰和估计误差。
  • 当M→∞时进行渐近SSE分析,得到确定性性能界限和尺度定律。
  • 提供一种确定最优导频训练长度t和每个LIS调度设备数量以最大化SSE的方法。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在包含导频训练与污染的实际帧结构下,主动LIS的上行频谱效率表现如何?
  • RQ2在单LIS和多LIS情形下,当LIS天线数量增大时,描述SSE的界限与尺度定律是什么?
  • RQ3在给定导频污染和跨LIS干扰下,最大化SSE的最优导频训练长度是多少?
  • RQ4在多LIS环境中,应如何在LIS单元之间对设备进行调度以最大化SSE?

主要发现

  • 在大天线极限下,SSE可以被确定性近似,性能受导频污染和LOS/跨LIS干扰的影响。
  • 导频污染仍是多LIS系统的一个关键限制因素,即使LIS天线数量趋于无穷大,也由于通过LOS路径的跨LIS干扰而存在。
  • 存在一个最优导频训练长度,当M无限增长时,该长度收敛到LIS区域内设备数量。
  • 所提出的基于LS的信道估计和MF接收在研究条件下的SSE接近穷举最优。
  • 仿真结果显示所推导的工作参数(导频长度和调度设备数量)在单LIS和多LIS情形下达到的最大SSE与精确优化相当。

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