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[论文解读] The evolution of the galaxy UV luminosity function at redshifts z ~ 8-15 from deep JWST and ground-based near-infrared imaging

C. T. Donnan, D. J. McLeod|Edinburgh Research Explorer (University of Edinburgh)|Jul 25, 2022
Galaxies: Formation, Evolution, Phenomena被引用 22
一句话总结

本研究将早期 JWST NIRCam 数据与 COSMOS 的深层地基 UltraVISTA 成像结合,来自 z ≃ 8 到 15 的演化银河系 UV 光度函数,发现在 z ≈ 10 之前呈现双冪律 LF,在 ρUV 和 ρSFR 在 z ≈ 15 处逐渐下降。

ABSTRACT

We reduce and analyse the available James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) ERO and ERS NIRCam imaging (SMACS0723, GLASS, CEERS) in combination with the latest deep ground-based near-infrared imaging in the COSMOS field (provided by UltraVISTA DR5) to produce a new measurement of the evolving galaxy UV luminosity function (LF) over the redshift range $z = 8 - 15$. This yields a new estimate of the evolution of UV luminosity density ($ρ_{ m UV}$), and hence cosmic star-formation rate density ($ρ_{ m SFR}$) out to within $< 300$\, Myr of the Big Bang. Our results confirm that the high-redshift LF is best described by a double power-law (rather than a Schechter) function up to $z\sim10$, and that the LF and the resulting derived $ρ_{ m UV}$ (and thus $ρ_{ m SFR}$), continues to decline gradually and steadily up to $z\sim15$ (as anticipated from previous studies which analysed the pre-existing data in a consistent manner to this study). We provide details of the 61 high-redshift galaxy candidates, 47 of which are new, that have enabled this new analysis. Our sample contains 6 galaxies at $z \ge 12$, one of which appears to set a new redshift record as an apparently robust galaxy candidate at $z \simeq 16.4$, the properties of which we therefore consider in detail. The advances presented here emphasize the importance of achieving high dynamic range in studies of early galaxy evolution, and re-affirm the enormous potential of forthcoming larger JWST programmes to transform our understanding of the young Universe.

研究动机与目标

  • 使用新的 JWST ERO/ERS NIRCam 数据以及 COSMOS/UltraVISTA DR5 成像,动机并量化在 z ≳ 8 时银河系 UV 光度函数的演化。
  • 在三个 JWST 观测域以及 COSMOS/UltraVISTA 构建健壮的高红移星系样本(z > 7.5),以测量 LF 及推导的 UV 光度和星-形成率密度。
  • 评估 LF 的形状(双冪律 vs Schechter)及其演化至 z ≈ 15,并识别高红移星系候选体,包括一个可能的 z ≈ 16.4 对象。
  • 通过多带光度测度、SED 拟合以及跨场一致性,评估高红移选取的动态范围与可靠性,以尽量减少低-z 污染。

提出的方法

  • 将 JWST NIRCam 成像(SMACS0723、CEERS、GLASS)与 COSMOS/ UltraVISTA DR5 近红外数据结合,构建 z > 7.5 的星系样本。
  • 执行点扩散函数(PSF)均一化和局部深度估计,以获得一致的多波段光度测量。
  • 使用 EAZY 结合 Pegase 模板计算光度红移,检查棕矮星污染并用 LePhare 与 McLure 等代码进行校验。
  • 通过针对每个场域定制的 dropout 条件选择高-z 候选体,并以 Δχ2 条件要求具有健壮的高-z 解。
  • 推导 UV 绝对星等,校正总通量,并在从 z = 8 到 z ≈ 15 的红移箱中计算 UV 光度函数。
Figure 1: Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) fits for 4 example galaxies selected from within the final JWST high-redshift sample. The blue line shows the best-fitting (preferred) high-redshift solution, the green line shows the best-fitting (alternative) low-redshift solution, and the red points sh
Figure 1: Spectral Energy Distribution (SED) fits for 4 example galaxies selected from within the final JWST high-redshift sample. The blue line shows the best-fitting (preferred) high-redshift solution, the green line shows the best-fitting (alternative) low-redshift solution, and the red points sh

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1结合 JWST 深场与 COSMOS/UltraVISTA 数据时,银河系 UV 光度函数从 z ≈ 8 到 15 的演化形式是什么?
  • RQ2在高-z 期间,UV LF 到 z ≈ 10 是用双冪律还是 Schechter 函数来描述更好?并且这一特征向 z ≈ 15 的演化如何?
  • RQ3在 z > 8 时,UV 光度密度与宇宙星形成率密度的含义是什么,包括可能存在的高端亮星系直至 z ≈ 16?

主要发现

  • 在 z ≈ 10 之前,高-z UV 光度函数最好用双冪律来描述,而非 Schechter 函数。
  • UV 光度密度 ρUV 以及由此推导的宇宙星形成率密度 ρSFR 向 z ≈ 15 逐渐且稳定地下降。
  • 61 个高-z 星系候选样本(其中 47 个为新)支撑 LF 分析,其中包括 6 个 z ≥ 12 的星系以及一个可靠的 z ≈ 16.4 候选。
  • 该研究通过将 JWST 深场与广域地基成像相结合,展示了高动态范围在早期星系演化研究中的价值。
  • 细节包括三场域中 45 arcmin^2 的 JWST NIRCam 数据以及 1.8 deg^2 的 UltraVISTA COSMOS 成像,在 COSMOS/UltraVISTA 中有 16 个 z > 7.5 的星系。
Figure 2: The rest-frame UV LF at $z=8,9,10.5$ and $z=13.25$ shown as black points. We include data points from McLure et al. ( 2013 ); McLeod et al. ( 2016 ); Bouwens et al. ( 2021 ); Oesch et al. ( 2018 ) . The best-fitting Schechter functions from McLure et al. ( 2013 ) and McLeod et al. ( 2016 )
Figure 2: The rest-frame UV LF at $z=8,9,10.5$ and $z=13.25$ shown as black points. We include data points from McLure et al. ( 2013 ); McLeod et al. ( 2016 ); Bouwens et al. ( 2021 ); Oesch et al. ( 2018 ) . The best-fitting Schechter functions from McLure et al. ( 2013 ) and McLeod et al. ( 2016 )

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