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[论文解读] Thermodynamic topology of topological black hole in $F(R)$-ModMax gravity's rainbow

B. Eslam Panah, Bidyut Hazarika|arXiv (Cornell University)|May 30, 2024
Black Holes and Theoretical Physics被引用 8
一句话总结

本文在 F(R)-ModMax 引力的彩虹框架中构造了拓扑带电黑洞解,推导了它们的热力学量,并通过 Duan 的 φ 映射分析热力学拓扑性,以将黑洞分类为拓扑类别。

ABSTRACT

In order to include the effect of high energy and topological parameters on black holes in $F(R)$ gravity, we consider two corrections to this gravity: energy-dependent spacetime with different topological constants, and a nonlinear electrodynamics field. In other words, we combine $F(R)$ gravity's rainbow with ModMax nonlinear electrodynamics theory to see the effects of high energy and topological parameters on the physics of black holes. For this purpose, we first extract topological black hole solutions in $F(R)$% -ModMax gravity's rainbow. Then, by considering black holes as thermodynamic systems, we obtain thermodynamic quantities and check the first law of thermodynamics. The effect of the topological parameter on the Hawking temperature and the total mass of black holes is obvious. We also discuss the thermodynamic topology of topological black holes in $F(R)$-ModMax gravity's rainbow using the off-shell free energy method. In this formalism, black holes are assumed to be equivalent to defects in their thermodynamic spaces. For our analysis, we consider two different types of thermodynamic ensembles. These are: fixed $q$ ensemble and fixed $ϕ$ ensemble. We take into account all the different types of curvature hypersurfaces that can be constructed in these black holes. The local and global topology of these black holes are studied by computing the topological charges at the defects in their thermodynamic spaces. Finally, in accordance with their topological charges, we classify the black holes into three topological classes with total winding numbers corresponding to $-1, 0$, and $1$. We observe that the topological classes of these black holes are dependent on the value of the rainbow function, the sign of the scalar curvature, and the choice of ensembles.

研究动机与目标

  • 通过将引力彩虹与 ModMax 非线性电动力学相结合,将高能和拓扑效应引入到 F(R) 引力中。
  • 在具有常曲率的 F(R)-ModMax 引力彩虹中获得拓扑带电黑洞解。
  • 建立离壳自由能框架以分析热力学拓扑并按拓扑电荷对黑洞进行分类。
  • 研究彩虹函数、标量曲率符号以及系综如何影响这些黑洞的拓扑结构和热力学性质。

提出的方法

  • 在带拓扑参数 k 的引力彩虹中推导能量依赖的静态时空度量。
  • 在能-动量张量为零迹且常曲率 R0 的条件下求解带电黑洞解。
  • 从度量函数和 AMD 质量定义计算霍金温度、熵和质量。
  • 使用离壳自由能构造 Duan 的 φ 映射向量场,并将热力学缺陷识别为黑 hole 解。
  • 分析两种系综(固定 q 和固定 φ)以及所有曲率超表面,以拓扑电荷来确定局部和全局拓扑。
  • 根据缺陷电荷将黑洞分成拓扑类别,缠绕数为 -1、0、1。
Figure 5 : $\psi(r)$ versus $r$ for different values of $k$ , $q$ (left panel), and $m_{0}$ (right panel). Three up panels are related to $k=+1$ . Three middle panels belong to $k=0$ . Also, three down panels are plotted for $k=-1$ .
Figure 5 : $\psi(r)$ versus $r$ for different values of $k$ , $q$ (left panel), and $m_{0}$ (right panel). Three up panels are related to $k=+1$ . Three middle panels belong to $k=0$ . Also, three down panels are plotted for $k=-1$ .

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1F(R) 引力、ModMax 非线性电动力学以及引力彩虹如何修改拓扑带电黑洞解?
  • RQ2这些黑洞的热力学量(温度、熵、质量)是多少,是否满足第一定律?
  • RQ3在此设定中如何使用 Duan 的 φ 映射来刻画热力学拓扑,以及会出现哪些拓扑类别?
  • RQ4彩虹函数、标量曲率符号以及热力学系综如何影响视界结构和拓扑?

主要发现

  • 在常 R0 条件下的 F(R)-ModMax 引力的彩虹中获得了新的四维静态拓扑黑洞精确解。
  • 度量函数在某一极限下化为 RN-(A)dS,并显示出对彩虹函数及 ModMax 参数 gamma 的依赖。
  • 霍金温度对小黑洞可能为负,对大黑洞为正,在某些条件下存在零温根 r_T=0。
  • 熵遵循修正后面积定律 S = (1+f_R0) r_+^2 / (4 g(ε)^2),这表明在 F(R) 引力中面积定律不成立。
  • 单位体积的总质量 M 显示出高能和大 r_+ 的渐近行为,取决于 q、gamma、彩虹函数和 R0;质量行为在 k(拓扑)不同的情况下不同。
  • k = -1 的黑洞可能具有更大的视界,并且在中等质量区域可出现符号变化,某些参数条件下出现多重视界。
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