[论文解读] Vision, Requirements, and Technology Trend of 6G: How to Tackle the Challenges of System Coverage, Capacity,User Data-Rate and Movement Speed

Shanzhi Chen, Ying‐Chang Liang+4 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|Feb 12, 2020

Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies参考文献 13被引用 44

一句话总结

本文综述了6G愿景、需求、技术趋势与挑战，提出一个路线图，探索陆基与卫星网络、高频段、频谱共享以及新资源的整合以满足未来KPIs。

ABSTRACT

Since 5G new radio comes with non-standalone (NSA) and standalone (SA) versions in 3GPP, research on 6G has been on schedule by academics and industries. Though 6G is supposed to have much higher capabilities than 5G, yet there is no clear description about what 6G is. In this article, a comprehensive discussion of 6G is given based on the review of 5G developments, covering visions and requirements, technology trends and challenges, aiming at tackling the challenge of coverage, capacity, the user data rate and movement speed of mobile communication system. The vision of 6G is to fully support the development of a Ubiquitous Intelligent Mobile Society with intelligent life and industries. Finally, the roadmap of the 6G standard is suggested for the future.

研究动机与目标

• Define a vision and requirements for 6G to achieve ubiquitous, intelligent mobile society beyond 5G.
• Identify key technology trends and challenges to address coverage, capacity, data rate, and mobility.
• Propose architectural and spectrum strategies, including satellite integration and new resources, to enable 6G deployments.

提出的方法

• Review of 5G development and KPI evolution to motivate 6G goals.
• Analysis of 6G technology trends across coverage, spectrum, and intelligent networking.
• Discussion of integration challenges for terrestrial-satellite networks and non-terrestrial networks (NTN).
• Proposal of 6G roadmaps and potential standardization trajectories.

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 What is the envisioned 6G vision and the corresponding requirements beyond 5G?
• RQ2 What technology trends and challenges are critical to achieving wide coverage, high capacity, and low latency in 6G?
• RQ3 How can terrestrial and non-terrestrial networks be integrated to enable global ubiquitous coverage?
• RQ4 What is a plausible roadmap for 6G standardization and development?

主要发现

主要因素	6G	5G
峰值数据速率	>100Gbps	10[20]Gbps
用户体验数据速率	>10Gbps	1Gbps
流量密度	>100Tbps/km^2	10Tbps/km^2
连接密度	>10million/km^2	1million/km^2
时延	<1ms	毫秒级
移动性	>1000km/h	3 50km/h
频谱效率	>3x relative to 5G	3 ~ 5x relative to 4G
能效	>10x relative to 5G	1000x relative to 4G
覆盖率	>99%	大约70%
可靠性	>99.999%	大约99.9%
定位精度	centimeter level	米级
接收灵敏度	<-130dBm	about -120dBm

• 6G aims for ten to hundred times higher data rate, capacity, and spectrum efficiency, with latency below 1 ms and coverage reaching 99%.
• Integration of terrestrial and satellite (including LEO/MEO/GEO) networks is central to global coverage and high-mobility support.
• THz and visible light bands, along with advanced spectrum sharing and intelligent networks, are highlighted as enabling technologies for 6G.
• New resources such as orbital angular momentum (OAM) and cognitive/symbiotic radio (SR) are explored as means to enhance capacity and spectrum utilization.
• De-cellular and user-centric ultra-dense networks (UUDN) are proposed to overcome limitations of small-cell densification at higher frequencies.
• A comprehensive 6G roadmap and standardization trajectory is discussed, emphasizing end-to-end architecture, security, and open networking concepts.