Skip to main content
QUICK REVIEW

[论文解读] What is wrong in the current models of tunneling

N. L. Chuprikov|arXiv (Cornell University)|Mar 22, 2013
Quantum optics and atomic interactions被引用 1
一句话总结

本文通过质疑量子力学中隧道效应的基础诠释,挑战了将微观猫态视为概率密度的常规做法,指出这会导致逻辑矛盾。本文提出一种新的单维完成散射(OCS)操作模型,通过拒绝叠加态的概率诠释,解决了隧道时间问题,从而恢复与经典物理的一致性,并消除了隧道时间定义中的观察者依赖性。

ABSTRACT

After the review by Hauge and Stovneng the old question of How long does it take to tunnel through the barrier? has not still lost its relevance. As before, there is no clear answer to this question even for the one-dimensional completed scattering (OCS). In this paper we show that this seemingly simple question stands alongside with such fundamental problems of quantum mechanics (QM) as the Schrodinger's-cat and and EPR-Bohm paradoxes. Their common feature is that the states of a scattered particle, a radioactive atom and electron EPR-pair represent pure {\it micro-cat} states. It is widely accepted that the EPR-Bohm paradox implies the non-existence of local hidden variables (LHVs), the cat paradox represents a macro-objectification problem and the tunneling time is an observer-dependent quantity whose definitions must be 'operational'. At the same time, according to the probabilistic approach (Accardi, Khrennikov, Philipp, Hess {\it et al.}) to Bell's inequality that underlies the EPR-Bohm experiments, its experimental violation means simply that it contains probability distributions associated with mutually incompatible statistical data. We argue that this approach must be extended onto micro-cat states because they describe, too, mutually incompatible statistical data. The current practice to interpret the squared modulus of a micro-cat state as the probability density should be recognized as erroneous. It is this practice that makes QM incompatible with classical physical theories and, thereby, makes the micro-world 'unspeakable'. The known 'operational' tunneling-time concepts, elaborated in line with this practice, are logically inconsistent. We argue that the TTP and the cat paradox must be solved at the level of single electrons and atoms, without resorting to environment and measurement contexts. We present a new model of the OCS and solve the TTP on its basis.

研究动机与目标

  • 解决量子力学中隧道时间问题,特别是单维完成散射(OCS)中的问题。
  • 识别当前隧道时间模型中不一致性的根本原因,即错误地将微观猫态解释为概率密度。
  • 在单粒子层面从根本上解决隧道时间问题,不依赖测量背景或环境退相干。
  • 将贝尔不等式概率批判(Accardi、Khrennikov 等人)扩展至微观猫态,主张其同样涉及相互不相容的统计数据。
  • 提出一种新的 OCS 理论模型,消除现有操作性隧道时间概念中的逻辑矛盾。

提出的方法

  • 采用 Accardi、Khrennikov、Philipp 和 Hess 的概率框架,将贝尔不等式违反重新解释为源于不相容统计数据,而非非定域性。
  • 将此框架扩展至微观猫态——如隧道效应、薛定谔的猫和 EPR 对中的态——将其视为代表相互不相容的统计系综。
  • 拒绝标准量子力学诠释中将 |ψ|² 视为叠加态概率密度的做法,主张此举导致与经典理论的不相容。
  • 构建一种新的单维完成散射(OCS)模型,避免隧道时间定义中的观察者依赖性。
  • 基于对微观猫态作为非概率性、上下文定义实体的新诠释,推导出一致且可操作的隧道时间定义。
  • 利用新模型通过确保逻辑一致性,无需依赖测量或环境退相干,解决隧道时间悖论。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1为何尽管经过数十年研究,当前隧道时间模型仍保持不一致?
  • RQ2将微观猫态模的平方解释为概率密度的根本错误是什么?
  • RQ3贝尔不等式违反如何与量子力学中微观猫态的诠释相关联?
  • RQ4能否在不依赖环境退相干或测量背景的情况下解决隧道时间问题?
  • RQ5是否存在一种在逻辑上一致的替代方案,以取代现有 OCS 中隧道时间的操作定义?

主要发现

  • 将微观猫态标准解释为概率密度在逻辑上不一致,且与经典物理不相容。
  • Accardi 等人提出的概率框架,即将贝尔不等式违反归因于不相容统计数据,必须扩展至微观猫态。
  • 当前的操作性隧道时间概念在逻辑上不一致,因其依赖于对叠加态的错误概率诠释。
  • 隧道时间问题可在单粒子层面得到解决,无需引入测量或环境相互作用。
  • 提出一种新的单维完成散射(OCS)模型,消除了观察者依赖性,并恢复了与经典物理理论的一致性。
  • 新模型为定义隧道时间提供了连贯的、非概率性的基础,解决了长期存在的隧道时间悖论。

更好的研究,从现在开始

从论文设计到论文写作,大幅缩短您的研究时间。

无需绑定信用卡

本解读由 AI 生成,并经人工编辑审核。