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Highly crystalline and monodisperse In 2 O 3 nanoparticles have been prepared by thermal decomposition of In(acac) 3 in oleylamine under inert atmosphere. The particle size of In 2 O 3 can be easily manipulated by changing the experimental conditions. A weak size dependence of photoluminescence is also demonstrated. The Figure shows a 3D superlattice of 6 nm diameter nanoparticles.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery is a common and serious complication. Several definitions of AKI have been proposed recently, and include both increases in serum creatinine levels and decreases in urine output as diagnostic criteria. The pathophysiology of postoperative AKI is complex and involves both ischemic injury and systemic inflammation. Identifying risk factors, such as old age, underlying diabetes, heart failure, and obesity, may aid in the application of preventative me

Accumulation of mesangial extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins such as collagen type 1-α2 (Col1a2) and collagen type 4-α1 (Col4a1) is a key feature of diabetic nephropathy (DN). Transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1 plays important roles in ECM accumulation in DN, and evidence shows a mediatory role for microRNAs. In the present study, we found that microRNA let-7 family members (let-7b/c/d/g/i) were downregulated in TGF-β-treated mouse mesangial cells (MMCs) along with upregulation of Col1a2 and C

Glomerular hypertrophy is a hallmark of diabetic nephropathy. Akt kinase activated by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β) plays an important role in glomerular mesangial hypertrophy. However, the mechanisms of Akt activation by TGF-β are not fully understood. Recently, miR-200 and its target FOG2 were reported to regulate the activity of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (the upstream activator of Akt) in insulin signaling. Here, we show that TGF-β activates Akt in glomerular mesangial cells by in

The inhibitory effects of recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) were examined against (1) the progression of renal fibrosis in mice with complete unilateral ureteral obstruction and (2) the TGF-beta1-induced epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in MDCK cells. Unilateral ureteral obstruction was induced in BALB/c mice and rhEPO (100 or 1000 U/kg, intraperitoneally, every other day) or vehicle was administered from day 3 to day 14. Immunoblotting and immunohistochemistry revealed increase