Lik‐Hang Lee

Since the popularisation of the Internet in the 1990s, the cyberspace has kept evolving. We have created various computer-mediated virtual environments including social networks, video conferencing, virtual 3D worlds (e.g., VR Chat), augmented reality applications (e.g., Pokemon Go), and Non-Fungible Token Games (e.g., Upland). Such virtual environments, albeit non-perpetual and unconnected, have bought us various degrees of digital transformation. The term `metaverse' has been coined to further

Since the launch of Google Glass in 2014, smart glasses have mainly been designed to support micro-interactions. The ultimate goal for them to become an augmented reality interface has not yet been attained due to an encumbrance of controls. Augmented reality involves superimposing interactive computer graphics images onto physical objects in the real world. This survey reviews current research issues in the area of human-computer interaction for smart glasses. The survey first studies the smart

Since the popularisation of the Internet in the 1990s, the cyberspace has kept evolving. We have created various computer-mediated virtual environments, including social networks, video conferencing, virtual 3D worlds (e.g., VR Chat), augmented reality applications (e.g., Pokémon Go), and Non-Fungible Token Games (e.g., Upland). Such virtual environments, albeit non-perpetual and unconnected, have brought us various degrees of digital transformation. The term “metaverse” has been coined to facil

The metaverse, enormous virtual-physical cyberspace, has brought unprecedented opportunities for artists to blend every corner of our physical surroundings with digital creativity. This article conducts a comprehensive survey on computational arts, in which seven critical topics are relevant to the metaverse, describing novel artworks in blended virtual-physical realities. The topics first cover the building elements for the metaverse, e.g., virtual scenes and characters, auditory, textual eleme

Interaction design for Augmented Reality (AR) is gaining attention from both academia and industry. This survey discusses 260 articles (68.8% of articles published between 2015–2019) to review the field of human interaction in connected cities with emphasis on augmented reality-driven interaction. We provide an overview of Human-City Interaction and related technological approaches, followed by reviewing the latest trends of information visualization, constrained interfaces, and embodied interac

Augmented reality head-worn computers often feature small-sized touch interfaces that complicate interaction with content, provide insufficient space for comfortable text input, and can be awkward to use in social situations. This paper presents a novel one-handed thumb-to-finger text entry solution for augmented reality head-worn computers. We design a glove composed of 12 force-sensitive nodes featuring an ambiguous keyboard layout. We first explore the viability of force disambiguation to eva

Text input is a very challenging task in Augmented Reality (AR). On non-touch AR headsets, virtual keyboards are counter-intuitive and character keys are hard to locate inside the constrained screen real estate. In this paper, we present the design, implementation and evaluation of HIBEY, a text input system for smartglasses. HIBEY provides a fast, reliable, affordable, and easy-to-use text entry solution through vision-based freehand interactions. Supported by a probabilistic spatial model and

The Metaverse refers to a virtual-physical blended space in which multiple users can concurrently interact with a unified computer-generated environment and other users, which can be regarded as the next significant milestone of the current cyberspace. This article primarily discusses the development and challenges of the Metaverse. We first briefly describe the development of cyberspace and the necessity of technology enablers. Accordingly, our bottom-up approach highlights three critical techn

Smartglasses mostly rely on hardware interfaces such as touch-pad and buttons, which are often cumbersome and counter-intuitive to use. Furthermore, smartglasses feature cheap and low-power hardware preventing the use of advanced pointing techniques. To overcome these issues, we introduce TiPoint, a freehand mid-air interaction technique. TiPoint uses the monocular camera embedded in smartglasses to detect the user's hand, enabling intuitive and non-intrusive interaction. We introduce a light-we

Touchscreen interfaces are shrinking and even dis-appearing on mobile headsets. The existing approaches for text acquisition on mobile headsets, for instance, speech commands and hand gestures, are cumbersome and coarse. In this paper, we show the feasibility of interaction on a miniature area as small as 12 * 13 mm <sup xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">2</sup> that offers an input alternative on small form-factor devices such as smartwatc

Throughout the past decade, numerous interaction techniques have been designed for mobile and wearable devices. Among these devices, smartglasses mostly rely on hardware interfaces such as touchpad and buttons, which are often cumbersome and counterintuitive to use. Furthermore, smartglasses feature cheap and low-power hardware preventing the use of advanced pointing techniques. To overcome these issues, we introduce UbiPoint, a freehand mid-air interaction technique. UbiPoint uses the monocular

Interaction design for Augmented Reality (AR) is gaining increasing attention from both academia and industry. This survey discusses 260 articles (68.8% of articles published between 2015 - 2019) to review the field of human interaction in connected cities with emphasis on augmented reality-driven interaction. We provide an overview of Human-City Interaction and related technological approaches, followed by a review of the latest trends of information visualization, constrained interfaces, and e

Interaction design for Augmented Reality (AR) is gaining increasing attention from both academia and industry. This survey discusses 205 articles (75% of articles published between 2015 - 2019) to review the field of human interaction in connected cities with emphasis on augmented reality-driven interaction. We provide an overview of Human-City Interaction and related technological approaches, followed by a review of the latest trends of information visualization, constrained interfaces, and emb

Smartwatches and other wearables are characterized by small-scale touchscreens that complicate the interaction with content. In this paper, we present Force9, the first optimized miniature keyboard leveraging force-sensitive touchscreens on wrist-worn computers. Force9 enables character selection in an ambiguous layout by analyzing the trade-off between interaction space and the easiness of force-assisted interaction. We argue that dividing the screen's pressure range into three contiguous force