Satoru Tsuchikawa

Abstract This review article introduces recent technical and scientific reports in terms of near infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in the wood and paper science and industry, where interest has increased during the last couple decades. Many researchers reported the NIR technique was useful to detect multi information in both chemical and physical properties of wood materials, although it was widely used in a state where characteristic cellular structure was retained. In the case of application of NIR

Abstract: This review article introduces recent technical and scientific reports on near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy in the wood and paper industry, which have increased during the last decade. Many researchers have reported that the NIR technique is useful for detection of both chemical and physical properties of wood materials and has been widely used in cases where the characteristic cellular structure of the material is retained. With regard to application of NIR spectroscopy to pulp and pap

Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) transmission spectroscopy was applied to monitor the diffusion process of deuterium-labeled molecules in hardwood (Beech). The results are compared with previous data obtained on softwood (Sitka spruce) in order to consistently understand the state of order in cellulose of wood. The saturation accessibility and diffusion rate varied characteristically with the OH groups in different states of order in the wood substance, the diffusants, and the wood speci

The ageing degradation of the fine wood structure of dry-exposed archaeological wood was investigated by Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy with the aid of a deuterium exchange method. The archaeological wood sample was taken from an old wooden temple in Japan (late 7th century), which has been designated as a UNESCO world heritage site. Comparing the analytical results with those of a modern wood sample of the same species, the ageing process of archaeological wood was clarified as a

Fourier transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) transmission spectroscopy was applied to monitor the diffusion process of deuterium-labeled molecules in hardwood (Beech). The results are compared with previous data obtained on softwood (Sitka spruce) in order to consistently understand the state of order in cellulose of wood. The saturation accessibility and diffusion rate varied characteristically with the OH groups in different states of order in the wood substance, the diffusants, and the wood speci

Estimation of the density along with the tensile strength of wood within both the elastic and plastic deformation ranges, represented as modulus of elasticity (MOE) and ultimate tensile stress (UTS), respectively, were performed using near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy. A partial least squares (PLS) analysis was applied to the measurements of density, MOE, and UTS, and resulted in a high accuracy of prediction, independent of wood species. The correlation coefficient between the NIR spectra and cr

Biological materials–wood is a typical example–are widely used in a state where not only the cellular structure but also its bulky shape is retained. NIRS (near-infrared spectroscopy) may be called for as a promising technique to analyze the physical state of such materials as well as the chemical composition. In this report, the effects of physical conditions found in wood on the absorption of NIR radiation are examined. In the experiments, conifers (Sitka spruce) that had various degrees of su

The newly constructed optical measurement system, which was mainly composed of a parametric tunable laser and a near-infrared photoelectric multiplier, was introduced to clarify the optical characteristics of wood with anisotropic cellular structure on the basis of the time-of-flight near-infrared spectroscopy (TOF-NIRS). The combined effects of the cellular structure of the wood sample, the wavelength of the laser beam, and the detection position of transmitted light on the time-resolved profil

Nitrate is an important component of the nitrogen cycle and is therefore present in all plants. However, excessive nitrogen fertilization results in a high nitrate content in vegetables, which is unhealthy for humans. Understanding the spatial distribution of nitrate in leaves is beneficial for improving nitrogen assimilation efficiency and reducing its content in vegetables. In this study, near-infrared (NIR) hyperspectral imaging was used for the non-destructive and effective evaluation of nit

Abstract A fast online grading apparatus for sawn lumber based on near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has been developed. The method is based on a novel wavelength dispersive NIR spectrophotometer equipped with a diffraction grating linear sensor and high-intensity lighting. It was possible to acquire spectra from the entire surface of Hinoki cypress lumber sections traveling on a conveyor belt at a speed of 120 m min -1 . Additionally, predictive models for moisture content (MC) and modulus of ela