Shin Sugiyama

Abstract Short-term variations in horizontal and vertical surface motion were studied with high temporal resolution during the ablation season in Lauteraargletscher, Bernese Alps, Switzerland. Horizontal surface flow speed oscillated diurnally, showing a correlation with the water level in a borehole. Flow speed increased as a function of the water level, with an asymptote at the ice overburden level. This observation implied that the flow variations were principally controlled by the local wate

Abstract Calving glaciers are rapidly retreating in many regions under the influence of ice‐water interactions at the glacier front. In contrast to the numerous researches conducted on fjords in front of tidewater glaciers, very few studies have been reported on lakes in which freshwater calving glaciers terminate. To better understand ice‐water interactions at the front of freshwater calving glaciers, we measured lakewater temperature, turbidity, and bathymetry near Glaciar Perito Moreno, Upsal

Abstract To better understand recent rapid recession of marine-terminating glaciers in Greenland, we performed satellite and field observations near the calving front of Bowdoin Glacier, a 3 km wide outlet glacier in northwestern Greenland. Satellite data revealed a clear transition to a rapidly retreating phase in 2008 from a relatively stable glacier condition that lasted for >20 years. Ice radar measurements showed that the glacier front is grounded, but very close to the floating conditio

Abstract. Despite the importance of glacial lake development in ice dynamics and glacier thinning, in situ and satellite-based measurements from lake-terminating glaciers are sparse in the Bhutanese Himalaya, where a number of proglacial lakes exist. We acquired in situ and satellite-based observations across lake- and land-terminating debris-covered glaciers in the Lunana region, Bhutanese Himalaya. A repeated differential global positioning system survey reveals that thickness change of the de

Abstract To study the glaciological processes controlling the mass budget of Greenland’s peripheral glaciers and ice caps, field measurements were carried out on Qaanaaq ice cap, a 20 km long ice cap in northwestern Greenland. In the summer of 2012, we measured surface melt rate, ice flow velocity and ice thickness along a survey route spanning the ice margin (200m a.s.l.) to the ice-cap summit (1110m a.s.l.). Melt rates in the ablation area were clearly influenced by dark materials covering the

The phase relationship between 3C‐ and 6H‐SiC is investigated in the pressure range 2.5–6.5 GPa and the temperature range 400°–2500°C, by analyzing recovered samples, using X‐ray diffractometry and Raman‐scattering techniques. The phase transition from 3C‐ to 6H‐SiC occurs at 2200°C and 2.5 GPa. In the pressure range >4.5 GPa, 6H‐SiC transforms to 3C‐SiC at 2500°C, via an intermediate state, as indicated by broadening peaks in the X‐ray diffraction profile. Thermodynamically, 3C‐SiC appears t

Abstract During the outburst flood of a glacier-dammed lake on Gornergletscher, Switzerland, in July 2004, the drained lake water triggered anomalous glacier motion. At the onset of the outburst, the ice-flow direction in the vicinity of the lake became closer to the central flowline. When the lake discharge magnitude decreased, the flow direction altered such that the ice moved back to the azimuth of the initial motion. At one of the survey points, where the ice flows parallel to the central fl

To investigate the triggering and the drainage mechanisms of a glacier‐dammed lake outburst, we conducted high‐frequency measurements of the ice surface motion in the vicinity of Gornersee, an ice marginal lake on Gornergletscher, Switzerland. During the outburst event in July 2004, the ice surface within a distance of 400 m from the lakeshore moved vertically upward by up to 0.1 m. This vertical surface motion cannot be explained by vertical straining of ice which was measured in one of the bor

Abstract Underwater ice geometry at the front of calving glaciers provides crucial information for calving and underwater melting. In this study, we present ice geometry captured by operating a side‐scanning sonar near the front of Glaciar Grey, a freshwater calving glacier in Patagonia. The observations revealed ice projecting into the lake with a substantially different structure from that of known tidewater glaciers. Terrace‐like ice structures were found at several tens of meters below the w

Abstract. In this paper, we analyse the calving activity of the Bowdoin Glacier, north-western Greenland, in 2015 by combining satellite images, UAV (unmanned aerial vehicle) photogrammetry and ice flow modelling. In particular, a high-resolution displacement field is inferred from UAV orthoimages taken immediately before and after the initiation of a large fracture, which induced a major calving event. A detailed analysis of the strain rate field allows us to accurately map the path taken by th

Abstract Glacial fjords in Greenland show high productivity owing to the runoff of meltwater from the glaciers. Macronutrient dynamics (of nitrate, phosphate, and silicate) associated with subglacial discharge plumes in front of marine‐terminating glaciers are widely cited as important drivers of summer phytoplankton blooms in the fjords. However, the dynamics of iron (Fe), an essential micronutrient for primary production, remain largely unstudied in glacial fjords. To investigate the role of s

Abstract During the Japanese-Swedish Antarctic traverse expedition of 2007/08, we measured the surface snow density at 46 locations along the 2800 km long route from Syowa station to Wasa station in East Antarctica. The mean snow density for the upper 1 (or 0.5) m layer varied from 333 to 439 kg m -3 over a region spanning an elevation range of 365-3800 ma.s.l. The density variations were associated with the elevation of the sampling sites; the density decreased as the elevation increased, movin

Abstract To investigate recent glacier changes in the Himalayan region, we carried out GPS and ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements at Yala Glacier, a benchmark glacier in Nepal. Glacier surface elevation and ice thickness were surveyed along a 1.5 km profile from the glacier top to the terminus. Ice flow velocity was measured at five locations by surveying stakes for either 1 year or 4 day periods. Obtained surface elevation and ice velocity were compared with those measured in 1982 and