Shin‐ichiro M. Nomura

Functional protein synthesis was observed in cell-sized lipid vesicles following encapsulation of a gene-expression system. Expression of rsGFP (red-shifted green fluorescent protein) within individual vesicles was observed by fluorescence microscopy. Interestingly, at the early stage of the reaction, the expression efficiency inside the vesicle was remarkably higher than that in the solution outside. The synthesized rsGFP in individual vesicles is safe from attack by proteinase K added to the e

Intaking molecular information from the external environment is essential for the normal functioning of artificial cells/molecular robots. Herein, we report the design and function of a membrane nanopore using a DNA origami square tube with a cross-section of 100 nm². When the nanopore is added to a giant vesicle that mimics a cell membrane, the permeation of large external hydrophilic fluorescent molecules is observed. Furthermore, the addition of up to four ssDNA strands enables siz

An important prebiotic event was probably the incorporation of nucleic acids by lipid vesicles. This process was studied with artificial model cells and fluorescent probes. Pictures 1–4 represent a time series of fluorescence microscopic images of T4 DNA molecules (166 kb) incorporated into giant vesicles of 5 μm diameter. The entrapped DNA molecules are in a coiled state.

Here, we report a method for introducing large objects of up to a micrometer in diameter into cultured mammalian cells by electrofusion of giant unilamellar vesicles. We prepared GUVs containing various artificial objects using a water-in-oil (w/o) emulsion centrifugation method. GUVs and dispersed HeLa cells were exposed to an alternating current (AC) field to induce a linear cell-GUV alignment, and then a direct current (DC) pulse was applied to facilitate transient electrofusion. With uniform

A theoretical study is made on the maximum injection rates of pulverized coal in ironmaking blast furnaces. The study takes account of two restrictive conditions which enable stable blast furnace operations to be maintained. One is to burn out the injected coal in the raceway zone and the other is to avoid the coal ash deposition on the blowpipe wall. The predicted maximum injection rates for some operating blast furnaces are about 190-210 kg per ton of pig-iron produced, which seem to be reason

The geometry of a raceway zone can be described by its volume, depth, height and width. This paper investigates these factors theoretically based on a simplified raceway shape model.The results obtained are as follows;(1) The raceway volume, VR is closely described by the product of depth, DR, height, HR and width, WR.VR=0.53DRHRWR(2) The power law is applicable to the relation between the penetration factor (depth divided by tuyere diameter, DT) and the raceway factor, RF.DR/DT=0.315RF0.587(3)

ADVERTISEMENT RETURN TO ISSUEPREVArticleNEXTPrediction of Maximum Rate of Pressure Rise Due to Dust Explosion in Closed Spherical and Nonspherical VesselsShin-ichiro Nomura and Tatsuo TanakaCite this: Ind. Eng. Chem. Process Des. Dev. 1980, 19, 3, 451–459Publication Date (Print):July 1, 1980Publication History Published online1 May 2002Published inissue 1 July 1980https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/i260075a021https://doi.org/10.1021/i260075a021research-articleACS PublicationsRequest reuse permissi

A micrometer-sized lipid tubule exhibits oscillatory swinging motion under stationary irradiation by a Nd(3+):YAG laser ( lambda = 1064 nm). By choosing an appropriate optical path through an objective lens, the laser can be split into dual beams focused on the same position. Using this splitting, a lipid tubule can be shown to exhibit bistability with regard to the orientation of trapping. Driven by a temperature gradient induced by local photon heating, the trapped lipid tubule shows oscillato