Su‐Jin Shin

Vascular endothelial growth factor pathway (VEGF)-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) are essential for the treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma patients, but the treatment suffers from a lack of predictive markers. This study demonstrates that PD-L1 expression is a predictor for unfavorable response to VEGF-TKI and a prognostic indicator for poor overall survival and progression-free survival in patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma receiving VEGF-TKI.

배경 및 목적: 초등학교 1학년, 2학년, 3학년 정상아동들의 이야기 산출 능력이 학년에 따라 차이가 있는지 알아보고자 하였다. 방법: 연구대상의 생활연령은 집단별 7세 0개월∼7세 5개월, 8세 0개월∼8세 5개월, 9세 0개월∼9세 5개월로 각각 20명씩 총 60명이었다. 자료수집을 위해 “Frog, Where are you?”를 사용하였고, 이야기문법, 형태소로 본 평균절길이(Mean Length of C-units by morphemes, MLC-m), 문법오류 점수(grammatical error score)를 집단별로 분석하였다. 결과 및 결론: (1) 이야기문법 총점이 학년집단에 따라 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 각 하위 범주별 점수가 학년집단에 따라 유의한 차이를 보이지 않았으나, 학년이 올라갈수록 시도와 내적반응을 더 많이 사용하는 경향을 보였다. (2) 형태소로 본 평균절길이(MLC-m)는 1학년과 3학년 집단간에서만 유의하게 증가하였으나, 결과적으로 볼 때 이야기의

Univariate analysis demonstrated that changes in ALC, AMC, and the ALC/AMC ratio are associated with patient survival in MM. Multivariate analysis showed that, of these factors, the ALC/AMC ratio was an independent prognostic factor for OS.

The critical reflection competency program was effective in improving the critical thinking disposition and teaching efficacy of nurse educators. Therefore, it is necessary to implement the developed program for nurse educators to effectively utilize critical reflection in nursing education.

Positive IGF-1R expression is associated with a favorable prognosis in breast cancer. IGF-1R is frequently expressed in the luminal A/B subtypes of breast cancer, and its expression is related to the hormone receptor status.

An awareness of the incidence, common primary sites, metastatic subsites, and metastatic courses or patterns of oral/oropharyngeal metastases is helpful in the diagnosis of metastatic carcinomas.

About 8% of resected pancreatic cancers had associated double primary tumors, and those from the colorectum, stomach, lung, and thyroid were common. Patients whose pancreatic cancer was resected before the diagnosis of metachronous tumors had better OS than those resected after the diagnosis of metachronous tumors or those resected synchronously.

This study demonstrates that the density of each subset of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) differed between microsatellite instability (MSI)-high and non-MSI-high tumors. Moreover, the prognostic effect of the preoperative systemic immune response status and TILs differed between the MSI-high (MSI-H) and non-MSI-H tumor groups. The present study may help to identify the mechanisms of cancer progression and develop treatment strategies for MSI-high gastric cancer.

This study demonstrates that high mesothelin expression correlates with poor outcomes and is a significant predictor of peritoneal recurrence in patients with stage III gastric cancer. This study provides instrumental evidence for designing anti-mesothelin antibody-drug conjugate clinical trials in patients with diffuse-type gastric cancer to reduce their high risk of peritoneal carcinomatosis.

Our data suggested that MET, HER2, and EGFR might be potential therapeutic targets and that their co-expression is a strong prognostic factor for BTCs.

Mutation analysis of circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) has recently been introduced as a noninvasive tumor monitoring method. In this study, we tested the mass spectrometric-based MassARRAY platform for multiplexed gene mutation analysis of plasma samples from colorectal cancer (CRC) patients. A total of 160 patients, who underwent curative resection of either primary or metastatic CRC harboring KRAS mutations between 2005 and 2012, were included. Circulating DNA was isolated from plasma was analyze

Guanine nucleotide-binding protein/α-subunit (GNAS) mutations are involved in fibrous dysplasia (FD) pathogenesis. Here, we analyzed GNAS mutations in FD which were performed by pyrosequencing DNA isolated from formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) tissue. The mutation detection rate was determined in FD specimens with and without decalcification. GNAS mutation was identified in 28 cases out of 87 FDs (32.18%) [p.R201C (N = 14) and p.R201H (N = 14)]. GNAS mutation was more likely to occur in p

Expression of CD99 in extramedullary specimens was correlated with longer OS, suggesting that CD99 may be a helpful immunohistochemical marker for risk stratification.

Our study suggests that TCL1 expression profile may have a role in the prediction of overall outcome in patient with MCL and call for prospective studies.