[论文解读] A Food Recommender System in Academic Environments Based on Machine Learning Models
本文提出了一种针对大学生的混合机器学习食物推荐系统,整合了协同过滤、基于内容的和基于知识的模型。利用来自2,519名学生的基础代谢率和饮食偏好等特征,该系统在使用AdaBoost模型时,实现了73.70%的准确率,能够从大学餐单中推荐个性化餐食。
Background: People's health depends on the use of proper diet as an important factor. Today, with the increasing mechanization of people's lives, proper eating habits and behaviors are neglected. On the other hand, food recommendations in the field of health have also tried to deal with this issue. But with the introduction of the Western nutrition style and the advancement of Western chemical medicine, many issues have emerged in the field of disease treatment and nutrition. Recent advances in technology and the use of artificial intelligence methods in information systems have led to the creation of recommender systems in order to improve people's health. Methods: A hybrid recommender system including, collaborative filtering, content-based, and knowledge-based models was used. Machine learning models such as Decision Tree, k-Nearest Neighbors (kNN), AdaBoost, and Bagging were investigated in the field of food recommender systems on 2519 students in the nutrition management system of a university. Student information including profile information for basal metabolic rate, student reservation records, and selected diet type is received online. Among the 15 features collected and after consulting nutrition experts, the most effective features are selected through feature engineering. Using machine learning models based on energy indicators and food selection history by students, food from the university menu is recommended to students. Results: The AdaBoost model has the highest performance in terms of accuracy with a rate of 73.70 percent. Conclusion: Considering the importance of diet in people's health, recommender systems are effective in obtaining useful information from a huge amount of data. Keywords: Recommender system, Food behavior and habits, Machine learning, Classification
研究动机与目标
- 为应对现代机械化生活方式导致的大学生健康饮食习惯下降问题。
- 开发一种基于机器学习的个性化食物推荐系统,以改善饮食选择。
- 整合多种推荐策略——协同过滤、基于内容的推荐和基于知识的推荐,以提升准确率。
- 使用大学营养管理系统中的真实学生数据对系统进行验证。
- 识别在学术环境中用于食物推荐的最有效机器学习模型。
提出的方法
- 混合推荐系统结合了协同过滤、基于内容的过滤和基于知识的过滤技术。
- 通过在线方式收集了包括基础代谢率、预订记录和饮食类型在内的学生数据。
- 在专家咨询后,通过特征工程筛选出15个关键特征,重点关注能量指标和食物选择历史。
- 在数据集上训练了多种机器学习模型——决策树、k-最近邻(kNN)、AdaBoost和装袋法(Bagging)。
- 系统利用历史食物选择和代谢数据,预测并从大学餐单中推荐个性化餐食选项。
- 使用准确率作为所有模型的主要评估指标。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1基于学生的饮食和代谢特征,哪种机器学习模型在为大学生推荐个性化餐食方面表现最佳?
- RQ2结合协同过滤、基于内容的推荐和基于知识的推荐方法的混合推荐系统在学术食物推荐中的有效性如何?
- RQ3从学生档案和食物预订数据中提取的哪些特征对餐食推荐准确率影响最大?
- RQ4机器学习模型在多大程度上可以通过个性化食物推荐改善大学生的饮食行为?
- RQ5AdaBoost模型与其他模型相比,在分类个体学生最优食物选择方面表现如何?
主要发现
- AdaBoost模型在为学生推荐餐食方面实现了73.70%的最高准确率,优于其他模型。
- 混合推荐系统有效结合了协同过滤、基于内容的推荐和基于知识的推荐,提升了推荐的相关性。
- 特征工程成功从原始数据集中识别出15个关键特征,其中能量指标和饮食偏好影响最为显著。
- 该系统在包含2,519名学生记录的真实大学营养管理环境中展现出实际应用价值。
- k-最近邻(kNN)和决策树模型表现中等,但准确率低于AdaBoost。
- 结果证实,机器学习模型能够有效从大规模学生饮食数据中提取有意义的模式,以支持个性化营养建议。
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