[论文解读] A holistic solution to icing by acoustic waves: de-icing, active anti-icing, sensing with piezoelectric crystals, and synergy with thin film passive anti-icing solutions

Jaime del Moral, Laura Montes+15 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jul 29, 2022

Icing and De-icing Technologies被引用 4

一句话总结

本文提出了一种整体性的压电基声波（AWs）解决方案，用于除冰、主动防冰、实时结冰传感，以及与被动防冰薄膜的协同作用。通过在LiNbO3基板上施加射频信号，该系统可实现动态除冰，降低冰的附着力，防止冰层累积，并利用共振频率偏移实现原位结冰监测；当与氟化ZnO或ZnO/CFx涂层结合时，性能进一步提升。

ABSTRACT

Icing has become a hot topic both in academia and in the industry given its implications in strategic sectors such as transport, robotics, wind turbines, photovoltaics, and electricity supply. Recently proposed de-icing solutions involving the propagation of acoustic waves (AWs) at suitable substrates may open the path for a sustainable alternative to standard de-icing or anti-icing protocols. Herein we experimentally unravel some of the basic interactions that contribute to the de-icing and/or hinder the icing (ice accretion) on AW-activated substrates. The response toward icing of a model substrate system consisting of a piezoelectric LiNbO3 plate AW activated by radio-frequency (rf) signaling to planar electrodes has been characterized both at a laboratory scale and in an icing wind tunnel under forced convection conditions. Main features related to de-icing mechanisms, a decrease of ice adhesion, or the avoidance of ice accretion have been disclosed by this holistic investigation. Furthermore, additional experiments have shown that the piezoelectric substrate surfaces modified with a fluorinated ZnO thin film or a ZnO/CFx bilayer present anti-icing functionality and a synergistic response when activated with AWs. A careful analysis of the dependence of resonance frequency of the piezoelectric substrates on experimental variables such as temperature, ice formation, or wind velocity shows that this parameter can be used as an internal control procedure for real-time monitoring of icing processes onto AW-activated devices

研究动机与目标

• 开发一种多功能、可持续的结冰解决方案，以应对关键基础设施和交通运输中的结冰挑战。
• 研究声波在压电基板上除冰和防止冰层累积中的作用。
• 评估主动声波激励与被动防冰薄膜之间的协同效应。
• 通过压电晶体中的共振频率偏移，展示实时结冰传感。

提出的方法

• 通过在LiNbO3压电基板上的平面电极施加射频激励，产生声波。
• 在强制对流的受控结冰风洞中，实验表征除冰和防冰性能。
• 应用氟化ZnO和ZnO/CFx双层薄膜，以增强被动防冰功能。
• 监测压电基板的共振频率偏移，作为温度、结冰形成和风速的函数，以实现实时结冰检测。
• 使用模型基板系统，分离并分析声波与结冰形成之间的基本相互作用。
• 结合实验室规模实验与风洞验证，确保其在真实场景中的适用性。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 在压电基板中产生的声波如何影响冰的附着力和除冰效率？
• RQ2 在过冷条件下，声波激励在多大程度上可防止表面冰层累积？
• RQ3 压电基板的共振频率如何响应结冰形成以及温度和风速等环境变量的变化？
• RQ4 将声波激励与薄膜被动防冰涂层结合时，其协同效应如何？
• RQ5 共振频率偏移能否作为结冰发生和演进的可靠实时指示？

主要发现

• 在LiNbO3基板上施加声波激励，可通过产生机械应力有效实现除冰，且无需除射频激励外的额外能量输入。
• 该系统显著降低了冰的附着力，使在动态声波激励下更容易实现冰层脱落。
• 压电基板的共振频率会随着结冰形成和环境条件的变化而可预测地偏移，从而实现实时、原位的结冰监测。
• 氟化ZnO和ZnO/CFx双层涂层增强了被动防冰性能，且与声波激励协同作用可进一步减少冰层累积并提升除冰效率。
• 该组合系统在结冰风洞的强制对流条件下表现出稳健性能，验证了其实际应用潜力。
• 共振频率响应对温度、冰质量及风速表现出强依赖性，证实其作为内部传感机制的实用性。