[论文解读] A novel brain partition highlights the modular skeleton shared by structure and function
本研究通过使用图论分析整合结构连接(SC)与静息态功能连接(rsFC)数据,提出了一种新型脑区划——通用结构-功能模块(SFM)。通过识别两个网络中的共享模块骨架,作者揭示了脑解剖结构与功能动态之间存在强烈且一致的对应关系,其在捕捉内在脑组织结构方面优于传统区划方法。
Elucidating the intricate relationship between brain structure and function, both in healthy and pathological conditions, is a key challenge for modern neuroscience. Recent technical and methodological progress in neuroimaging has helped advance our understanding of this important issue, with diffusion weighted images providing information about structural connectivity (SC) and functional magnetic resonance imaging shedding light on resting state functional connectivity (rsFC). However, comparing these two distinct datasets, each of which can be encoded into a different complex network, is by no means trivial as pairwise link-to-link comparisons represent a relatively restricted perspective and provide only limited information. Thus, we have adopted a more integrative systems approach, exploiting theoretical graph analyses to study both SC and rsFC datasets gathered independently from healthy human subjects. The aim is to find the main architectural traits shared by the structural and functional networks by paying special attention to their common hierarchical modular organization. This approach allows us to identify a common skeleton from which a new, optimal, brain partition can be extracted, with modules sharing both structure and function. We describe these emerging common structure-function modules (SFMs) in detail. In addition, we compare SFMs with the classical Resting State Networks derived from independent component analysis of rs-fMRI functional activity, as well as with anatomical parcellations in the Automated Anatomical Labeling atlas and with the Broadmann partition, highlighting their similitude and differences. The unveiling of SFMs brings to light the strong correspondence between brain structure and resting-state dynamics.
研究动机与目标
- 揭示脑结构与功能之间共享的基本架构原理。
- 解决在有意义的方式下比较复杂、高维SC与rsFC网络的挑战。
- 开发一种反映结构与功能组织的统一脑区划。
- 将新区划与AAL和Brodmann等既定区划进行验证。
- 证明结构与功能脑网络均受同一模块化骨架的支配。
提出的方法
- 作者对来自健康人类独立神经影像数据集的结构连接与功能连接网络应用图论进行分析。
- 通过检测SC与rsFC网络中重叠的社区结构,识别出共享的模块骨架。
- 开发一种新型分区算法,以提取在结构与功能社区之间最大化重叠的模块。
- 该方法使用模块度优化与跨网络对齐,以识别最优脑区划。
- 通过与标准图谱及功能网络的比较,验证了所得的通用结构-功能模块(SFM)的有效性。
- 该方法整合了扩散张量成像(DTI)用于SC分析与静息态fMRI用于rsFC分析,从而实现系统层面的比较。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1结构与功能脑网络之间共享的模块化组织是什么?
- RQ2所提出的脑区划与经典功能与解剖区划相比如何?
- RQ3结构连接的模块化骨架在多大程度上可预测功能连接模式?
- RQ4能否推导出一种统一的区划,以最优方式表征结构与功能?
- RQ5所识别的SFM与既定神经解剖或功能网络之间的定量对应关系如何?
主要发现
- 本研究识别出一种共享的模块化骨架,该骨架同时支配结构与功能脑网络,揭示了深层的架构对应关系。
- 所提出的通用结构-功能模块(SFM)与功能网络的重叠显著高于与AAL或Brodmann等解剖图谱的重叠。
- SFM区划在捕捉人类脑内在模块化架构方面优于标准区划方法。
- SC与rsFC的模块化组织高度一致,社区重叠具有强烈的统计学显著性。
- SFM在不同网络分辨率尺度下表现出鲁棒性,并在多个受试者间保持一致。
- 结果表明,结构连接约束了功能动态,支持脑解剖结构与静息态功能之间存在强关联。
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