[论文解读] A novel clustering algorithm for coverage a large scale in WSN

Wassim Jerbi, Abderrahmen Guermazi+1 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|May 10, 2016

Energy Efficient Wireless Sensor Networks参考文献 11被引用 10

一句话总结

本文提出O-LEACH，一种针对大规模无线传感器网络（WSNs）的新型聚类算法，通过使簇成员充当网关，解决了孤立（或孤儿）节点的问题，从而提高了连通性和覆盖范围。通过选择能效更高的簇头并确保所有节点保持连接，O-LEACH相较于LEACH在延长网络寿命、可扩展性和能效方面表现更优，仿真结果证实其在连通率、节能和覆盖维持方面性能更优。

ABSTRACT

The applications require coverage of the whole monitored area for long periods of time. Clustering is a way to reduce communications, minimize energy consumption and organize messages among the cluster head and their members. The message exchange of communication and data transmission between the different sensor nodes must be minimized to keep and extended the lifetime of the network because of limited energy resources of the sensors. In this paper, we take into consideration the problem isolated nodes that are away from the cluster head (CH) and by consequence or CH is not within the reach from these nodes. To solve this problem, we propose O-LEACH (Orphan Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy) a routing protocol that takes into account the orphan nodes. Indeed, a cluster member will be able to play the role of a gateway which allows the joining of orphan nodes. Our contribution is to election a cluster head that has enough energy for a better now to coordinate with these member nodes and maintain the full coverage for applications which requires of useful data for the entire area to be covered. The simulation results show that O-LEACH performs better than LEACH in terms of connectivity rate, energy, scalability and coverage.

研究动机与目标

• 解决大规模WSNs中因超出簇头通信范围而成为孤立节点的问题。
• 在长期运行期间，提升能量受限WSNs的网络连通性和全区域覆盖。
• 提升基于聚类的WSN路由协议的能量效率和可扩展性。
• 通过选择高能量簇头并使中间节点充当孤儿节点的网关，延长网络寿命。

提出的方法

• 提出O-LEACH，作为LEACH协议的增强版本，用于处理大规模WSNs中的孤儿节点问题。
• 引入一种机制，使具有足够剩余能量的簇成员可充当网关，中继来自孤立节点的数据。
• 采用能效感知的簇头选举过程，选择剩余能量较高的节点，确保簇协调的稳定性。
• 实施两跳通信模型，使孤儿节点通过具备网关功能的簇成员与簇头通信。
• 通过减少长距离传输，最小化端到端通信延迟和能量消耗。
• 采用分布式聚类算法并定期重新聚类，以保持网络的适应性和覆盖范围。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 如何在不增加能量消耗的前提下，有效将大规模WSNs中的孤立节点整合进网络？
• RQ2 哪些机制可提升能量受限WSNs的网络连通性和全区域覆盖？
• RQ3 选择能量丰富的簇头对网络寿命和可扩展性有何影响？
• RQ4 与传统LEACH相比，使簇成员充当网关在多大程度上提升了网络性能？

主要发现

• O-LEACH通过使孤儿节点经由具备网关功能的簇成员通信，显著提升了网络的连通率。
• 通过减少长距离传输并均衡节点间能量消耗，协议实现了更好的能量效率。
• O-LEACH维持了对监测区域的完整覆盖，确保长期应用中持续的数据采集。
• 仿真结果证实，O-LEACH在网络寿命、可扩展性和节能方面优于LEACH。
• 采用能效感知的簇头选择机制，有助于形成更稳定、更持久的簇。
• 网关机制有效减少了断连节点的数量，提升了整体网络可靠性。