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[论文解读] A Personality-Guided Preference Aggregator for Ephemeral Group Recommendation

Guangze Ye, Wen Wu|arXiv (Cornell University)|Apr 18, 2023
Recommender Systems and Techniques被引用 4
一句话总结

本文提出 PEGA,一种面向临时群体推荐的个性引导偏好聚合方法,通过利用用户的个性特征来改进偏好聚合并缓解数据稀疏性问题。通过使用超矩形建模群体个性,并结合个性注意力机制,PEGA 在 Amazon 和 Yelp 数据集上的表现优于最先进方法,在 Recall 和 NDCG 上取得显著提升。

ABSTRACT

Ephemeral group recommendation (EGR) aims to suggest items for a group of users who come together for the first time. Existing work typically consider individual preferences as the sole factor in aggregating group preferences. However, they neglect to take into account the importance of the individual inherent factors, such as personality, and thus fail to accurately simulate the group decision-making process. Additionally, these methods often struggle due to insufficient interactive records. To tackle these issues, a Personality-Guided Preference Aggregator (PEGA) is proposed, which guides the preference aggregation of group members based on their personalities, rather than relying solely on their preferences. Specifically, implicit personalities are first extracted from user reviews. Hyper-rectangles are then used to aggregate individual personalities to obtain the "Group Personality", which allows for the learning of personality distributions within the group. Subsequently, a personality attention mechanism is employed to aggregate group preferences, and a preference-based fine-tuning module is used to balance the weights of personality and preferences. The role of personality in this approach is twofold: (1) To estimate the importance of individual users in a group and provide explainability; (2) To alleviate the data sparsity issue encountered in ephemeral groups. Experimental results demonstrate that, on four real-world datasets, the PEGA model significantly outperforms related baseline models in terms of classification accuracy and interpretability. Moreover, empirical evidence supports the idea that personality plays a pivotal role in enhancing the performance of EGR tasks.

研究动机与目标

  • 解决在交互稀疏且交互数据极少的临时群体中聚合个体偏好的挑战。
  • 将个体个性特征作为影响群体决策时用户影响力的决定性因素进行整合。
  • 通过在群体层面使用超矩形建模个性,提升推荐的准确性和可解释性。
  • 通过利用稳定且不易受稀疏性影响的个性特征,减少对用户交互历史的依赖。

提出的方法

  • 基于语言特征,使用 LIWC 词典从用户评论文本中提取隐式个性特征。
  • 将群体个性定义为个性空间中的超矩形,表示群体中个体个性的融合。
  • 采用个性注意力机制,根据用户的个性特征动态分配权重,反映其在群体决策中的影响力。
  • 通过可学习超参数 λ 平衡个性与偏好的贡献,以优化聚合效果。
  • 使用联合损失函数联合优化排序任务与个性感知偏好学习,实现端到端训练。
  • 将个性嵌入集成到偏好聚合模块中,以指导群体层面的决策。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在交互稀疏的临时群体中,整合个性特征在多大程度上能改善偏好聚合?
  • RQ2基于个性的加权机制在多大程度上能提升群体推荐的可解释性与准确性?
  • RQ3基于超矩形的群体个性表示能否有效建模集体个性并缓解数据稀疏性?
  • RQ4所提出方法在不同群体规模和随机群体构成下具有多强的鲁棒性?
  • RQ5在临时群体中,个性与偏好在决定用户影响力方面各自贡献如何?

主要发现

  • PEGA 在 Amazon 和 Yelp 数据集上显著优于最先进方法,Recall 和 NDCG 指标均取得更高得分。
  • 最优平衡点出现在 λ = 0.3,表明在群体决策中个性的影响强于偏好。
  • 模型在不同群体规模下表现出强鲁棒性,即使在大型群体(≥12 名成员)中性能依然稳定,而其他模型则明显下降。
  • 案例研究证实,开放性、外向性和宜人性较高的用户被赋予更高的影响力权重,与现实中的群体动态一致。
  • 基于个性的加权机制能有效缓解多样性群体中偏好噪声的影响,尤其在个体偏好高度不同时效果更显著。
  • 个性注意力机制通过可视化用户个性特征与群体决策中影响力之间的关联,提供了可解释性。

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