[论文解读] A Review of Internet of Things Architecture, Technologies and Analysis Smartphone-based Attacks Against 3D printers

Muhammad Bilal|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jun 17, 2017

IoT and Edge/Fog Computing参考文献 20被引用 73

一句话总结

本论文评审物联网架构与技术，并分析基于智能手机的对3D打印机的侧信道攻击，聚焦于IP相关关注点、安全挑战和可能的防御。

ABSTRACT

Human beings cannot be happy with any kind of tiredness based work, so they focused on machines to work on behalf of humans. The Internet-based latest technology provides the platforms for human beings to relax and unburden feeling. The Internet of Things (IoT) field efficiently helps human beings with smart decisions through Machine-to-Machine (M2M) communication all over the world. It has been difficult to ignore the importance of the IoT field with the new development of applications such as a smartphone in the present era. The IoT field sensor plays a vital role in sensing the intelligent object/things and making an intelligent decision after sensing the objects. The rapid development of new applications using smartphones in the world caused all users of the IoT community to be faced with one major challenge of security in the form of side channel attacks against highly intensive 3D printing systems. The smartphone formulated Intellectual property (IP) of side channel attacks investigate against 3D printer in the physical domain through reconstructed G-code file through primitive operations. The smartphone (Nexus 5) solved the main problems such as orientation fixing, model accuracy of frame size and validate the feasibility and effectiveness in real case studies against the 3D printer. The 3D printing estimated value reached 20.2 billion of dollars in 2021. The thermal camera is used for exploring the side channel attacks after reconstructing the objects against 3D printers. The researcher analyzed IoT security relevant issues which were avoided in future by enhanced strong security mechanism strategy, encryption, and machine learning-based algorithms, latest technologies, schemes and protocols utilized in an efficient way. Keywords: - Internet of Things (IoT), Machine-to-Machine (M2M), Security, 3D printer, smartphone

研究动机与目标

• 评估与 3D 打印环境安全相关的物联网架构与技术。
• 分析基于智能手机的对 3D 打印机的侧信道攻击及对 G-code 的重建方法。
• 识别安全漏洞及潜在防御措施，包括加密和基于机器学习的策略。
• 讨论 3D 打印安全的现实意义和市场背景。

提出的方法

• 调查物联网/机器对机器框架及在物联网中用于智能对象感知的传感器角色。
• 考察基于智能手机的对 3D 打印机的侧信道攻击方法，包括方向和帧大小等因素。
• 分析热成像相机的使用以及通过原始操作对 G-code 的重建。
• 总结安全问题并提出高层次的防御策略和技术。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 在 3D 打印工作流中，物联网的架构及相关技术所带来的安全挑战有哪些？
• RQ2 基于智能手机的侧信道攻击如何重建 G-code 并危及 3D 打印机？
• RQ3 哪些防御和安全机制能够缓解这些物联网驱动的对 3D 打印机的威胁？
• RQ4 在缓解此类攻击中，知识产权保护和加密的相关性有多大？

主要发现

• 基于智能手机的侧信道攻击可以针对 3D 打印机，并涉及对 G-code 的重建。
• 热成像数据和原始操作可用于推断打印细节和模型信息。
• 识别出 IoT 驱动的 3D 打印生态系统中的安全漏洞，建议指向加密、基于机器学习的防御以及协议改进。
• 论文指出 3D 打印的日益重要的金融意义，引用的市场价值估计为 2021 年的 202 亿美元。
• 研究中引用 Nexus 5 智能手机作为评估方向、帧大小以及此类攻击可行性的平台。