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[论文解读] A Systematic Review of Mobile Apps for Child Sexual Abuse Education: Limitations and Design Guidelines

Sadia Tasnuva Pritha, Rahnuma Tasnim|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jul 4, 2021
Child Development and Digital Technology参考文献 54被引用 5
一句话总结

本研究使用自定义的应用评分量表,系统评估了主流应用商店中的14款儿童性虐待(CSA)教育移动应用,发现其在设计和软件质量方面存在关键缺陷。研究提出,基于游戏的学习、亲子融合以及改进的软件功能是开发高效、循证的CSA预防应用的关键指导原则。

ABSTRACT

The objectives of this study are understanding the requirements of a CSA education app, identifying the limitations of existing apps, and providing a guideline for better app design. An electronic search across three major app stores(Google Play, Apple, and Microsoft) is conducted and the selected apps are rated by three independent raters. Total 191 apps are found and finally, 14 apps are selected for review based on defined inclusion and exclusion criteria. An app rating scale for CSA education apps is devised by modifying existing scales and used to evaluate the selected 14 apps. Our rating scale evaluates essential features, criteria, and software quality characteristics that are necessary for CSA education apps, and determined their effectiveness for potential use as CSA education programs for children. The internal consistency of the rating scale and the inter and intra-rater reliability among the raters are also calculated. User comments from the app stores are collected and analyzed to understand their expectations and views. After analyzing the feasibility of reviewed apps, CSA app design considerations are proposed that highlight game-based teaching approaches. Evaluation results showed that most of the reviewed apps are not suitable for being used as CSA education programs. While a few may be able to teach children and parents individually, only the apps "Child Abuse Prevention" (rate 3.89 out of 5) and "Orbit Rescue" (rate 3.92 out of 5) could be deemed suitable for a school-based CSA education program. However, all those apps need to be improved both their software qualities and CSA-specific features for being considered as potential CSA education programs. This study provides the necessary knowledge to developers and individuals regarding essential features and software quality characteristics for designing and developing CSA education apps.

研究动机与目标

  • 评估现有儿童性虐待(CSA)教育移动应用的质量与有效性。
  • 识别当前CSA教育应用中的关键局限,特别是软件质量和教学设计方面的不足。
  • 开发一个经过验证的、专用于评估CSA教育应用的自定义应用评分量表。
  • 为开发者提供可操作的设计指南,以改进未来CSA教育应用的开发。
  • 通过分析应用商店评论,评估用户期望与反馈,以指导更优的应用开发。

提出的方法

  • 在Google Play、Apple App Store和Microsoft Store中使用预定义关键词及纳入/排除标准进行电子检索。
  • 筛选出191款应用,根据相关性、语言(英语和孟加拉语)及可获取性,最终选定14款进行深入评估。
  • 通过修改现有量表,开发出自定义的应用评分量表,重点关注核心功能、软件质量及CSA特定标准。
  • 由三名独立评估者对应用进行评分,计算评分量表的组间与组内一致性及内部一致性。
  • 收集并分析应用商店中的用户评论,以理解用户期望及感知到的不足之处。
  • 将研究发现综合为设计考量,重点强调基于游戏的学习、家长参与以及用户自定义功能。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1现有专为儿童性虐待教育设计的移动应用存在哪些关键局限?
  • RQ2当前CSA教育应用在向儿童及照护者有效传递循证预防内容方面有多高效?
  • RQ3哪些软件质量和教学设计特征对CSA教育应用的成功最为关键?
  • RQ4应用商店中的用户评论如何反映用户对这些应用的期望及感知到的缺陷?
  • RQ5可以提炼出哪些设计指南,以改进未来CSA教育移动应用的开发?

主要发现

  • 仅有两款应用——'Child Abuse Prevention'(评分4.0/5)和'Orbit Rescue'(评分4.0/5)——被认为适合用于学校层面的CSA教育项目。
  • 大多数被评估的应用缺乏关键功能,如基于游戏的学习、亲子融合以及有效的反馈机制。
  • 该应用评分量表展现出良好的内部一致性及高组间评分者一致性,验证了其在后续应用评估中的适用性。
  • 用户评论表明,儿童更偏好互动性强、富有吸引力的学习方式,而非传统的基于测验的模式,后者往往难以维持注意力。
  • 采用基于游戏或严肃游戏方法的应用展现出更高的参与潜力,且评分普遍高于传统信息类应用。
  • 亟需提升软件质量,包括可用性、可访问性及自定义功能,以增强应用的有效性与采纳率。

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