[论文解读] Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccine and Its Determinants in Bangladesh.

Sultan Mahmud, Md. Abu Shoieb Mohsin+3 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|Mar 28, 2021

Vaccine Coverage and Hesitancy参考文献 25被引用 12

一句话总结

本研究通过2021年1月下旬至2月初对605名受访者进行的网络调查，评估了孟加拉国的新冠疫苗接种意愿。结果显示，61.16%的人愿意接种疫苗，但仅有35.14%的人会立即接种，主要影响因素包括年龄、教育水平、对风险的感知、知识水平以及既往接种经历。

ABSTRACT

Background: Bangladesh govt. launched a nationwide vaccination drive against SARS-CoV-2 infection from early February 2021. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccines and examine the factors associated with the acceptance in Bangladesh. Method: In between January 30 to February 6, 2021, we conducted a web-based anonymous cross-sectional survey among the Bangladeshi general population. The multivariate logistic regression was used to identify the factors that influence the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccination. Results: 61.16% (370/605) of the respondents were willing to accept/take the COVID-19 vaccine. Among the accepted group, only 35.14% showed the willingness to take the COVID-19 vaccine immediately, while 64.86% would delay the vaccination until they are confirmed about the vaccine's efficacy and safety or COVID-19 become deadlier in Bangladesh. The regression results showed age, gender, location (urban/rural), level of education, income, perceived risk of being infected with COVID-19 in the future, perceived severity of infection, having previous vaccination experience after age 18, having higher knowledge about COVID-19 and vaccination were significantly associated with the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccines. Conclusion: The research reported a high prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine refusal and hesitancy in Bangladesh. To diminish the vaccine hesitancy and increase the uptake, the policymakers need to design a well-researched immunization strategy to remove the vaccination barriers. To improve vaccine acceptance among people, false rumors and misconceptions about the COVID-19 vaccines must be dispelled (especially on the internet) and people must be exposed to the actual scientific facts.

研究动机与目标

• 评估孟加拉国一般人群中对新冠疫苗的接受程度。
• 识别影响疫苗接受度的社会人口学与心理社会因素。
• 探讨对感染风险和疾病严重性的感知，以及既往接种经历在塑造疫苗接种意愿中的作用。
• 通过识别疫苗接受度的障碍与犹豫因素，为公共卫生政策提供依据。

提出的方法

• 2021年1月30日至2月6日期间，对孟加拉国一般人群开展了一项基于网络的匿名横断面调查。
• 通过结构化问卷收集数据，评估疫苗接受度、知识水平、风险感知及人口统计学变量。
• 采用多元逻辑回归分析，控制混杂变量后识别疫苗接受度的显著预测因子。
• 分析重点包括年龄、性别、城乡居住地、教育水平、收入、既往接种史，以及对新冠和疫苗的知识水平。
• 疫苗接受度定义为接种意愿，细分为立即接种与延迟接种两类。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 孟加拉国人口中有多大比例愿意接受新冠疫苗？
• RQ2 哪些社会人口学与心理社会因素与孟加拉国的疫苗接受度显著相关？
• RQ3 对感染风险和疾病严重性的感知如何影响疫苗接种意愿？
• RQ4 18岁以后的既往接种经历在多大程度上影响对新冠疫苗的接受意愿？

主要发现

• 在605名受访者中，61.16%表达了愿意接种新冠疫苗的意愿，表明接受度处于中等水平。
• 在愿意接种的人群中，仅有35.14%的人准备立即接种，而64.86%的人计划延迟接种。
• 年龄较大、教育水平较高、居住在城市、收入较高以及18岁后有既往接种经历的人群，其疫苗接受度显著更高。
• 对将来感染风险的感知以及对新冠严重性的感知，是疫苗接受度的重要预测因子。
• 对新冠和疫苗知识水平越高，疫苗接受度也显著提高。
• 疫苗犹豫仍是主要障碍，主要源于对有效性和安全性的担忧，尤其在缺乏确凿数据的情况下。