[论文解读] Algebraic weighted colimits
本文在配备拟态射(equipments)的2-范畴中引入了代数加权余极限,推广了经典余极限、Kan扩张和丰富范畴构造。在封闭装备中,点态加权余极限与代数定义的加权余极限一致,并证明在温和条件下,加权余极限可沿从单子代数上的遗忘函子上拉,扩展了Getzler关于对称单子函子的结果。
In this thesis weighted colimits in 2-categories equipped with promorphisms are studied. Such colimits include most universal constructions with counits, like ordinary colimits in categories, weighted colimits in enriched categories, and left Kan extensions. In the first chapter we recall the notion of 2-categories equipped with promorphisms (also simply called equipments), that provide a coherent way of adding bimodule-like morphisms to a 2-category. In the second chapter we recall two ways of defining weighted colimits in equipments. Most important to us is their original definition, introduced by Wood, in equipments that are endowed with a closed structure. The second notion, of what we call pointwise weighted colimits, was introduced by Grandis and Paré. It requires no extra structure and generalises Street's notion of pointwise left Kan extensions in 2-categories. The main result of the second chapter gives a condition, on closed equipments, under which these two notions coincide. In the third chapter we consider monads on equipments. The main idea of this thesis, given in the fourth chapter, generalises the notions of lax and colax morphisms, of algebras over a 2-monad, to notions of lax and colax promorphisms, of algebras over a monad on an equipment. One of these, that of right colax promorphisms, is well suited to the construction of weighted colimits. In particular, given a monad T on an equipment K, we will show that T-algebras, colax T-morphisms and right colax T-promorphisms form a double category T-rcProm. Although weaker than equipments, double categories still allow definition of weighted colimits, and our main result states that the forgetful functor T-rcProm -> K lifts all weighted colimits whenever K is closed, under some mild conditions on T.
研究动机与目标
- 将2-范畴中加权余极限的概念推广,以包含Kan扩张和丰富余极限等结构。
- 统一由Grandis-Paré提出的点态加权余极限与在封闭装备中代数定义的余极限概念。
- 将Getzler关于对称单子函子的左Kan扩张结果推广至装备上的单子。
- 定义装备上单子代数的严格与非严格拟态射,并构造右非严格拟态射的双范畴。
- 证明当装备为封闭且单子满足温和条件时,从T-代数到基装备K的遗忘函子可上拉所有加权余极限。
提出的方法
- 使用伪双范畴和装备来建模2-范畴中的双模和态射。
- 定义两种加权余极限:一种基于封闭结构(Wood),另一种为点态定义(Grandis-Paré),并证明在封闭装备中二者等价。
- 引入代数拟态射——装备上单子代数的严格与非严格态射,重点研究右非严格拟态射以支持余极限构造。
- 构造双范畴T-Promrc,其对象为T-代数,态射为非严格T-态射,2-胞态为右非严格T-拟态射。
- 应用双范畴理论定义加权余极限,并证明当K为封闭且T满足温和条件时,遗忘函子T-Promrc → K可上拉所有加权余极限。
- 利用协和同构与伴随函子验证在张量积J ⊳ K构造中,严格结构胞态的结合律与单位律。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1在封闭装备中,点态加权余极限与代数定义的加权余极限在何种条件下一致?
- RQ2当K为封闭且T为K上单子时,加权余极限是否可沿从T-代数到基装备K的遗忘函子上拉?
- RQ3如何定义装备上单子代数的严格与非严格拟态射以支持余极限构造?
- RQ4右非严格拟态射在单子代数中加权余极限构造中起何种作用?
- RQ5T-Promrc上的双范畴理论如何实现从K到T-代数的加权余极限上拉?
主要发现
- 在封闭装备中,Wood的定义与Grandis-Paré的点态定义所对应的加权余极限在装备满足温和条件时一致。
- 当K为封闭且T满足温和条件时,从双范畴T-Promrc(T-代数与右非严格拟态射)到基装备K的遗忘函子可上拉所有加权余极限。
- 在T-Promrc中,张量积J ⊳ K的构造配备了满足结合律与单位律的严格结构胞态,确保了协和性。
- 协和性证明依赖于一系列同构及rho与lambda映射的函子性,关键等式涉及µε与ev映射。
- 严格结构的单位律与结合律通过比较伴随复合并利用单子结构提供的协和同构加以验证。
- 该上拉结果将Getzler关于对称单子函子左Kan扩张的定理推广至装备上的单子,为类似保持结果提供了范畴论框架。
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