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[论文解读] Ambient pressure high temperature superconductivity in RbPH$_3$ facilitated by ionic anharmonicity

Đorđe Dangić, Yue‐Wen Fang|arXiv (Cornell University)|Nov 6, 2024
Theoretical and Computational Physics被引用 4
一句话总结

本研究预测在RbPH₃中存在常压高温超导性,临界温度约为100 K,其机理由离子量子非谐性所驱动,可稳定超导相。通过基于随机自洽谐波近似(SSCHA)的从头算计算,作者表明量子涨落可动态稳定R3m钙钛矿相直至常压,克服谐性不稳定性,并通过强电子-声子耦合实现高Tc超导性。

ABSTRACT

Recent predictions of metastable high-temperature hydride superconductors give hope that superconductivity at ambient conditions is within reach. In this work, we predict RbPH$_3$ as a new compound with a superconducting critical temperature around 100 K at ambient pressure, dynamically stabilized thanks to ionic quantum anharmonic effects. RbPH$_3$ is thermodynamically stable at 30 GPa in a perovskite $Pm\bar{3}m$ phase, allowing its experimental synthesis at moderate pressures far from the megabar regime. With lowering pressure it is expected to transform to a $R3m$ phase that should stay dynamically stable thanks to quantum fluctuations down to ambient pressures. Both phases are metallic, with the $R3m$ phase having three distinct Fermi surfaces, composed mostly of states with phosphorus and hydrogen character. The structures are held together by strong P-H covalent bonds, resembling the pattern observed in the high-temperature superconducting H$_3$S, with extra electrons donated by rubidium. These results demonstrate that quantum ionic fluctuations, neglected thus far in high-throughput calculations, can stabilize at ambient pressure hydride superconductors with a high critical temperature.

研究动机与目标

  • 识别在动力学和热力学上稳定的新型常压氢化物超导体。
  • 研究离子量子非谐性在低压力下稳定高Tc超导相中的作用。
  • 证明标准高通量筛选方法(忽略非谐性)可能遗漏可行的超导候选材料。
  • 预测一种新型超导化合物RbPH₃,在常压下临界温度接近100 K。
  • 表明即使谐性近似预测存在动力学不稳定性,量子涨落仍可稳定超导相。

提出的方法

  • 采用含PBE泛函和DFT+U校正的从头算密度泛函理论(DFT)进行电子结构计算。
  • 应用随机自洽谐波近似(SSCHA)以在自由能景观中包含离子量子涨落和非谐效应。
  • 使用ALM方法进行声子计算和电子-声子耦合分析,以计算Eliashberg谱函数α²F(ω)和耦合强度λ。
  • 采用完整的Migdal-Eliashberg形式化计算Tc,通过屏蔽相互作用W(ε,ε')包含非局部库仑相互作用,并对库仑参数μ*进行重整化。
  • 通过在Rb-P-H相图中构建凸包,开展热力学稳定性分析,压力范围涵盖多种压力条件。
  • 在随机相位近似(RPA)中计算库仑相互作用W(ε,ε'),并利用Morel-Anderson公式得出μ* = 0.26,采用高截止频率ωc = 19.7 eV。
Figure 1: (a) Ternary phase diagram for the Rb-P-H system neglecting the zero-point energy at 25 GPa. Stoichiometries on the convex hull are represented with red circles. RbPH 3 is denoted by the star. The color scheme of the background denotes the enthalpy from the convex hull. (b) Continuous lines
Figure 1: (a) Ternary phase diagram for the Rb-P-H system neglecting the zero-point energy at 25 GPa. Stoichiometries on the convex hull are represented with red circles. RbPH 3 is denoted by the star. The color scheme of the background denotes the enthalpy from the convex hull. (b) Continuous lines

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1离子量子非谐性能否在常压下稳定氢化物中的高Tc超导相?
  • RQ2在包含非谐效应的情况下,RbPH₃在常压条件下是否具有动力学稳定性?
  • RQ3RbPH₃在R3m相中零压下的临界温度是多少?与谐性近似相比有何差异?
  • RQ4电子-声子耦合与库仑相互作用如何影响RbPH₃中的Tc?
  • RQ5在高通量筛选中引入非谐效应,能否识别出此前被遗漏的新型常压超导体?

主要发现

  • 尽管在谐性近似下为鞍点,RbPH₃的R3m相由于离子量子非谐性,在常压下仍具有动力学稳定性。
  • 在0 GPa下,采用μ* = 0.26的完整Migdal-Eliashberg方法计算,RbPH₃的超导临界温度为101 K。
  • 电子-声子耦合强度λ因P-H共价键网络和R3m相的金属性而增强。
  • 库仑相互作用参数μ*估计为0.26,显著高于典型值,这是由于氢化物中德拜频率较高所致。
  • R3m相具有三个由P和H轨道主导的独立费米面,支持强电子-声子耦合。
  • RbPH₃在30 GPa下热力学稳定,以Pm3̄m钙钛矿相存在,压力降低后转变为R3m相,后者由量子涨落稳定。
Figure 2: Structure of (a) the $R3m$ phase at 0 GPa and (b) the $Pm\bar{3}m$ phase at 30 GPa of RbPH 3 . The contours show the electronic localization function (ELF) at the value of 0.8. The visualization of the structure and the ELF is done using VESTA [ 41 ] .
Figure 2: Structure of (a) the $R3m$ phase at 0 GPa and (b) the $Pm\bar{3}m$ phase at 30 GPa of RbPH 3 . The contours show the electronic localization function (ELF) at the value of 0.8. The visualization of the structure and the ELF is done using VESTA [ 41 ] .

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