[论文解读] An effective anisotropic visco-plastic model dedicated to high contrast ductile laminated microstructures: Application to lath martensite substructure
本文提出了一种计算高效的各向异性粘塑性模型,用于高对比度延性层状显微结构(如板条马氏体),通过在较硬基体中嵌入薄层软奥氏体薄膜作为离散平面滑移面。该模型结合了各向同性粘塑性与取向依赖的平面内滑移机制,准确再现了全晶体塑性模拟中观察到的各向异性屈服和界面滑移行为,同时保持了与各向同性模型相当的计算效率。
In particular types of layer- or lamellar-like microstructures such as pearlite and lath martensite, plastic slip occurs favorably in directions parallel to inter-lamellar boundaries. This may be due to the interplay between morphology and crystallographic orientation or, more generally, due to constraints imposed on the plastic slip due to the lamellar microstructural geometry. This paper proposes a micromechanics based, computationally efficient, scale independent model for particular type of lamellar microstructures containing softer lamellae, which are sufficiently thin to be considered as discrete slip planes embedded in a matrix representing the harder lamellae. Accordingly, the model is constructed as an isotropic visco-plastic model which is enriched with an additional orientation-dependent planar plastic deformation mechanism. This additional mode is activated when the applied load, projected on the direction of the soft films, induces a significant amount of shear stress. Otherwise, the plastic deformation is governed solely by the isotropic part of the model. The response of the proposed model is assessed via a comparison to direct numerical simulations (DNS) of an infinite periodic two-phase laminate. It is shown that the yielding behavior of the model follows the same behavior as the reference model. It is observed that the proposed model is highly anisotropic, and the degree of anisotropy depends on the contrast between the slip resistance (or yield stress) of the planar mode versus that of the isotropic part. The formulation is then applied to model the substructure of lath martensite with inter-layer thin austenite films. It is exploited in a mesoscale simulation of a dual-phase (DP) steel microstructure.The results are compared with those of a standard isotropic model and a full crystal plasticity model.
研究动机与目标
- 开发一种基于微结构力学、计算高效的模型,用于高对比度延性层状显微结构,特别是含有薄层残余奥氏体薄膜的板条马氏体。
- 捕捉由层状界面处优先滑移驱动的各向异性塑性响应,这对双相钢的宏观尺度模拟至关重要。
- 通过嵌入平面滑移机制而非在微观尺度上解析全晶体塑性,实现物理保真度与计算成本之间的平衡。
- 通过周期性双相层状结构的直接数值模拟(DNS)验证模型,并证明其在再现屈服行为和各向异性方面的准确性。
提出的方法
- 该模型被表述为一种增强型各向同性粘塑性本构关系,额外引入了针对薄而软层状物的取向依赖平面内塑性变形机制。
- 仅当薄膜平面上的投影剪应力超过阈值时,平面模式才被激活;否则,变形由各向同性部分控制。
- 软薄膜被建模为等应力状态,确保平衡条件自动满足,且仅允许平面内剪切变形,从而简化相容性条件的施加。
- 该模型采用均质化原理来表征层状结构的有效响应,其中软薄膜作为嵌入较硬基体中的离散滑移面。
- 该模型通过与具有相同几何形状和材料属性的无限周期性双相层状结构的DNS进行校准和验证。
- 该模型被应用于模拟双相钢显微结构,并与各向同性模型及全晶体塑性模型在介观尺度上的结果进行比较。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1计算高效的模型能否捕捉到含有板条间奥氏体薄膜的板条马氏体中观测到的极端各向异性塑性变形?
- RQ2与取向平面一致的平面滑移机制的引入,如何影响双相钢显微结构的宏观屈服行为和应力分布?
- RQ3所提出的模型在保持各向同性模型计算效率的同时,能在多大程度上再现全晶体塑性模型的屈服行为?
- RQ4平面滑移模式与各向同性基体之间屈服应力的对比度,如何影响模型响应的各向异性程度?
主要发现
- 所提出的模型准确再现了参考直接数值模拟(DNS)模型的屈服行为,在平行或垂直于软薄膜方向的拉伸载荷下,峰值屈服强度相同。
- 在轴向载荷下,模型表现出最高的屈服强度,而在与软薄膜平面一致的最大剪切载荷下,屈服强度最低,证实了强烈的各向异性。
- 在剪切主导载荷下,有效层状模型的屈服强度与具有板条马氏体和奥氏体薄膜的双晶全晶体塑性模型非常接近。
- 在双相钢显微结构模拟中,与各向同性建模相比,该模型显著降低了宏观屈服应力,这是由于通过平面滑移机制增强了马氏体相的塑性。
- 有效层状模型的计算成本几乎与各向同性粘塑性模型相同,同时捕捉到了界面滑移和各向异性塑性的物理机制。
- 该模型在准确性和效率之间实现了良好平衡,CPU时间相对于各向同性塑性模型的归一化值接近1.0,同时在计算速度上优于更复杂的模型(如Maresca等,2016年)。
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