[论文解读] Analysis and Optimization of an Intelligent Reflecting Surface-assisted System with Interference
该论文针对在共信道干扰下采用智能反射面(IRS)的多天线系统,提出了最优准静态相位移设计,利用瞬时信道状态信息(CSI)和统计CSI。推导了平均速率和遍历速率的可处理表达式,在特定条件下提供了全局最优解,并针对一般情况提出了迭代平行坐标下降(PCD)算法,展示了在干扰受限场景下相比现有方案的显著性能增益。
In this paper, we study an intelligent reflecting surface (IRS)-assisted system where a multi-antenna base station (BS) serves a single-antenna user with the help of a multi-element IRS in the presence of interference generated by a multi-antenna BS serving its own single-antenna user. The signal and interference links via the IRS are modeled with Rician fading. To reduce phase adjustment cost, we adopt quasi-static phase shift design where the phase shifts do not change with the instantaneous channel state information (CSI). We investigate two cases of CSI at the BSs, namely, the instantaneous CSI case and the statistical CSI case, and apply Maximum Ratio Transmission (MRT) based on the complete CSI and the CSI of the Line-of-sight (LoS) components, respectively. Different costs on channel estimation and beamforming adjustment are incurred in the two CSI cases. First, we obtain a tractable expression of the average rate in the instantaneous CSI case and a tractable expression of the ergodic rate in the statistical CSI case. We also provide sufficient conditions for the average rate in the instantaneous CSI case to surpass the ergodic rate in the statistical CSI case, at any phase shifts. Then, we maximize the average rate and ergodic rate, both with respect to the phase shifts, leading to two non-convex optimization problems. For each problem, we obtain a globally optimal solution under certain system parameters, and propose an iterative algorithm based on parallel coordinate descent (PCD) to obtain a stationary point under arbitrary system parameters. Next, in each CSI case, we provide sufficient conditions under which the optimal quasi-static phase shift design is beneficial, compared to the system without IRS. Finally, we numerically verify the analytical results and demonstrate notable gains of the proposal solutions over existing ones.
研究动机与目标
- 为解决两个基站通过共享IRS为用户服务时,IRS辅助多天线系统中的干扰挑战。
- 通过采用与瞬时CSI无关的准静态相位移设计,降低相位调整成本。
- 在两种CSI场景下最大化系统性能:瞬时CSI和LoS分量的统计CSI。
- 推导IRS部署优于无IRS系统所需满足的充分条件。
- 针对任意系统参数,开发一种用于全局最优或驻点相位移解的迭代并行坐标下降算法。
提出的方法
- 对IRS辅助系统建模,信号链路和干扰链路均采用Rician衰落。
- 推导在瞬时CSI下的平均速率表达式和在统计CSI下的遍历速率表达式。
- 分别基于完整CSI和LoS分量CSI,应用最大比率传输(MRT)。
- 提出非凸优化框架,以相位移为变量,最大化平均速率和遍历速率。
- 开发一种迭代并行坐标下降(PCD)算法,以获得非凸问题的驻点解。
- 提供性能优势的解析边界和充分条件,证明IRS系统优于非IRS系统。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1在何种条件下,无论相位移如何,瞬时CSI下的平均速率会超过统计CSI下的遍历速率?
- RQ2在何种情况下,平均速率和遍历速率问题的全局最优准静态相位移设计可实现?
- RQ3IRS相对于无IRS系统提供性能增益的充分条件是什么?
- RQ4在准静态相位移下,系统性能如何随IRS单元数量和信道统计特性变化?
- RQ5量化相位移对可实现速率的影响是什么,如何对其进行边界约束?
主要发现
- 当LoS分量较强且干扰较弱时,瞬时CSI下的平均速率可超过统计CSI下的遍历速率。
- 当LoS功率占主导且干扰可忽略时,相位移设计可实现全局最优。
- 所提出的PCD算法可对任意系统配置收敛至驻点,确保实际适用性。
- 系统在高干扰环境中相比非IRS和传统IRS方案实现了显著的速率增益。
- 在量化相位移下,可实现速率的上界随分辨率提高而减小,且在IRS孔径较大时该边界较紧。
- 推导出在干扰较强时IRS部署仍具优势的充分条件,前提是LoS分量足够强。
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