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[论文解读] Anomalous Rabi oscillation and related dynamical polarizations under the off-resonance circularly polarized light

Chen-Huan Wu|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jun 10, 2018
Topological Materials and Phenomena参考文献 26被引用 7
一句话总结

本文研究了非共振圆偏振光诱导的硅烯中异常拉比振荡,揭示了赝自旋、谷和自旋自由度的动量与准能依赖动力学。研究表明,此类光场可通过能带结构工程诱导拓扑相变,而无需激发高能态,且通过非微扰弗洛凯方法观察到质心运动与动力学极化的塌缩-复兴行为。

ABSTRACT

We investigate the photoinduced effect to the silicene, which is a topological insulator, by the circularly polarized light in off-resonance regime with a frequency much larger than the critical value (also much larger than the frequency about the particle-hole pair creation), and with a perpendicular electric field. The anomalous Rabi frequency which is a non-linear optical, arised by the off-resonance circularly polarized light. The temporal behavior of the pseudospin, valley, and spin degrees of freedom, which are momentum- and quasienergy-dependent, are explored. The anomalous Rabi oscillation is also related to the photoinduced topological phase transition between the topological trivial state with zero Chern number and gapped edge state and the topological nontrivial state with nonzero Chern number and gapless edge state. The off-resonance laser can also induce the topological phase transition by manipulating the energy band structure, rather than excite the atoms to the high quantum-number states like the resonance light. The exchange between the radiation driving field and the two-component dynamical polarizations with the dipole oscillation, plays a important role in the determination of the out-of-plane spin polarization and the motion of the center of mass, which can induced a collapse-and-revival pattern under a certain condition. The Rabi oscillation observed in the motion of the center of mass in a laser-induced harmonic potential can be used to detect the time evolution of the atom polulation. Our results can also be applied to the other two-dimension low-energy Dirac models or the surface of the three-dimension topological insulators, and even the weyl semimetal with the photoinduced topological phase transition.

研究动机与目标

  • 探究非共振圆偏振光作用下硅烯中赝自旋、谷与自旋自由度的非平衡动力学。
  • 研究非共振光如何在不占据高能态的情况下诱导拓扑相变,与共振激发形成对比。
  • 分析辐射驱动的动力学极化在产生异常拉比振荡与塌缩-复兴现象中的作用。
  • 建立理论框架,将质心运动与底层自旋及赝自旋极化动力学联系起来。
  • 将结果推广至更广泛的二维狄拉克材料与拓扑系统,包括外尔半金属。

提出的方法

  • 采用渐近旋转波近似(ARWA)建模在高频非共振圆偏振光作用下的系统。
  • 利用弗洛凯形式化推导有效哈密顿量,描述周期性驱动下准能带结构的改变。
  • 应用格罗斯-皮塔耶夫斯基方程近似,模拟谐振阱中质心波包的时间演化。
  • 推导质心运动的解析表达式,显示余弦与正弦函数的叠加,其依赖于初始条件与系统参数。
  • 引入复矢势以建模圆偏振光,实现非对易泡利矩阵动力学。
  • 分析自旋-轨道耦合(SOC)、激光啁啾(κ)与初始波包参数(x₀, R)之间的相互作用,以确定塌缩-复兴行为。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在硅烯中,非共振圆偏振光作用下赝自旋、谷与自旋自由度如何演化?
  • RQ2非共振区域中异常拉比频率的起源与本质是什么?其与常规拉比振荡有何不同?
  • RQ3非共振圆偏振光是否可在不占据高激发电子态的情况下诱导拓扑相变?
  • RQ4在何种条件下,质心运动表现出塌缩-复兴动力学?其与底层自旋及赝自旋极化的关联如何?
  • RQ5这些结果在多大程度上可推广至其他二维狄拉克材料与拓扑系统(如外尔半金属)?

主要发现

  • 由于非对易泡利矩阵作用,非共振圆偏振光在硅烯中诱导出异常拉比振荡,其机制为二阶过程而非直接吸收。
  • 该系统通过能带结构工程实现从 trivial 到非平庸拓扑相的光致相变,且 Chern 数非零,同时不激发原子至高能级。
  • 当赝自旋分量的初始坐标与波包宽度不同时,质心运动中观察到塌缩-复兴行为;当参数相等时,拍频消失。
  • 质心运动由余弦与正弦函数的叠加决定,源自近似格罗斯-皮塔耶夫斯基方程,显式依赖于 SOC、激光啁啾(κ = 1 ps²)与初始条件。
  • 出平面自旋极化与质心运动强烈受辐射场与双分量动力学极化之间交换的影响,尤其通过偶极振荡相位差体现。
  • 结果可推广至其他二维狄拉克材料、拓扑绝缘体表面及外尔半金属,实现光控拓扑相工程。

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