[论文解读] Automated Smart Wick System-Based Microfarm Using Internet of Things.

Romeo L. Jorda, C. Alcabasa+9 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|Oct 30, 2019

Water Quality Monitoring Technologies参考文献 9被引用 5

一句话总结

本文提出一种基于物联网的自动化微农场系统，采用毛细灌溉（wicking）系统用于城市农业，通过Arduino微控制器监测光照、湿度和温度，并将数据传输至Raspberry Pi网关及Android应用程序。系统可自主控制LED植物生长灯、水泵和空气冷却器，以维持最佳生长环境，使芽甘蓝的平均株高增加0.23厘米，优于常规生长条件。

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a study conducted to allow urban farmers to remotely monitor their farm through the design and development of an Internet of Things-based (IoT) microfarm prototype which utilized wick system as planting method. The system involves the detection of three environmental parameters namely, light intensity, soil moisture and temperature through the use of respective sensors which were connected to the Arduino microcontroller, the sensor node of the system. Irregularities in the aforementioned parameters were neutralized through the use of parameter regulators such as LED growlight strips, water pump and air cooler. The data collected by these sensors were gathered by the Arduino microcontroller and were sent to the Web database through the IoT gateway which was the Raspberry Pi computer chip. These data were also sent to an Android unit installed with the Microfarm Companion application which was capable of monitoring and controlling the environmental parameters observed in the microfarm. The application allows the user to view the current value of the parameter involved and to choose whether to control the parameter regulators automatically or manually. The microfarm system runs autonomously which reduces the labor required to produce healthy plants and crops. Mustard greens samples were used in testing the system. After a month of monitoring the height of the samples, it was observed that the average height of the samples is about 0.23 cm taller than the standard height. The proponents has also tested the system functionality by evaluating the sensor data log that provides the values gathered by the sensors and the turn-on times of the parameter regulators. From these data, it can be observed that whenever the values obtained by the sensors fall outside the threshold range, the parameter regulators turns on, indicating that the system is working properly.

研究动机与目标

• 为解决城市农业中劳动密集型的问题，实现对微农场环境参数的远程监控与自动控制。
• 开发一种低成本、可扩展的基于物联网的解决方案，利用毛细灌溉系统实现高效供水，适用于城市微农场。
• 通过传感器驱动的执行器自动调节光照、湿度和温度，确保植物生长达到最佳状态。
• 通过实时传感器日志记录和在不同环境阈值下的调节器响应，验证系统的功能性能。
• 通过为期一个月的监测周期，以芽甘蓝作为试验作物，评估系统的有效性。

提出的方法

• Arduino微控制器作为传感器节点，实时采集光照、土壤湿度和温度传感器的数据。
• 设定环境阈值；当传感器读数超出这些范围时，系统将触发执行器（LED植物生长灯、水泵、空气冷却器）以纠正环境条件。
• 传感器数据通过物联网网关（Raspberry Pi）传输至基于网络的数据库，实现数据存储与远程访问。
• 基于Android的Microfarm Companion应用程序使用户能够实时查看参数值，并在手动与自动控制模式间切换。
• 系统实现自主运行，最大限度减少人工干预，同时保持稳定的生长环境。
• 通过分析传感器数据日志和调节器启动时间，验证系统对阈值越限的响应是否准确。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 基于物联网的系统能否有效监测并调节微农场环境中的关键参数（光照、湿度、温度）？
• RQ2 与标准条件相比，环境因素的自动化调节在多大程度上提升了植物生长？
• RQ3 该系统检测参数偏差并触发执行器进行纠正的可靠性如何？
• RQ4 通过移动应用程序实现的远程监控与控制是否能提升易用性并减少城市微农场的劳动投入？

主要发现

• 自动化系统在传感器读数超过预设阈值时，成功激活调节装置，维持了最佳生长环境。
• 传感器数据日志表明，当环境数值超出可接受范围时，参数调节装置能够精确启动，证明系统运行可靠。
• 经过一个月的监测，该系统中种植的芽甘蓝平均株高比标准生长高度增加了0.23厘米。
• Arduino、Raspberry Pi与Android Microfarm Companion应用程序的集成，实现了微农场环境的实时远程监控与控制。
• 该系统表现出自主运行能力，显著减少了植物养护与环境管理中的手动劳动需求。