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[论文解读] Behavior of Jupiter Non-Trojan Co-Orbitals

P. Wajer, Małgorzata Królikowska|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jun 4, 2012
Astro and Planetary Science参考文献 6被引用 4
一句话总结

本研究通过轨道的数值积分,识别并分析了八颗木星非特洛伊共轨天体——五颗新发现的小行星和三颗彗星——的动力学行为。研究发现,像(241944) 2002 CU 147和2007 GH 6这样的天体在准卫星轨道与小行星轨道之间表现出复杂的转换,而2006 SA 387和2006 QL 39等天体则表现出短暂的马蹄形运动,期间被准卫星阶段打断,所有这些天体的可预测窗口均在数百年内,原因在于与木星的近距离相遇。

ABSTRACT

Searching for the non-Trojan Jupiter co-orbitals we have numerically integrated orbits of 3\,160 asteroids and 24 comets discovered by October 2010 and situated within and close to the planet co-orbital region. Using this sample we have been able to select eight asteroids and three comets and have analyzed their orbital behavior in a great detail. Among them we have identified five new Jupiter co-orbitals: \cu, \sa, \ql, \gh, and \Larsen, as well as we have analyzed six previously identified co-orbitals: \hr, \ug, \qq, \aee, \wc\ and \ar. \cu\ is currently on a quasi-satellite orbit with repeatable transitions into the tadpole state. Similar behavior shows \gh\ which additionally librates in a compound tadpole-quasi-satellite orbit. \ql\ and \Larsen\ are the co-orbitals of Jupiter which are temporarily moving in a horseshoe orbit occasionally interrupted by a quasi-satellite behavior. \sa\ is moving in a pure horseshoe orbit. Orbits of the latter three objects are unstable and according to our calculations, these objects will leave the horseshoe state in a few hundred years. Two asteroids, \qq\ and \aee, are long-lived quasi-satellites of Jupiter. They will remain in this state for a few thousand years at least. The comets \ar\ and \wc\ are also quasi-satellites of Jupiter. However, the non-gravitational effects may be significant in the motion of these comets. We have shown that \wcs\ is moving in a quasi-satellite orbit and will stay in this regime to at least 2500 year. Asteroid \hr\ will be temporarily captured in a quasi-satellite orbit near 2050 and we have identified another one object which shows similar behavior - the asteroid \ug, although, its guiding center encloses the origin, it is not a quasi-satellite. The orbits of these two objects can be accurately calculated for a few hundred years forward and backward.

研究动机与目标

  • 通过轨道元素的数值积分,识别并表征木星的非特洛伊共轨天体。
  • 研究瞬态和复合轨道行为,如马蹄形、小行星形和准卫星状态之间的转换。
  • 评估这些共轨天体随时间的可预测性和动力学稳定性。
  • 评估非引力作用对观测弧短、偏心率高的彗星共轨天体的影响。
  • 验证并扩展先前关于未来共轨捕获的预测,例如(118624) 2000 HR 24和2006 UG 185。

提出的方法

  • 使用截至2010年10月的轨道数据,对木星共轨区域(Δa ≤ ±0.35528 au)内的3,160颗小行星和24颗彗星进行数值积分。
  • 应用共振角σ = λ - λp对轨道类型进行分类:在0°附近 librates(准卫星),在180°附近 librates(马蹄形),在±60°附近 librates(小行星形)。
  • 基于1:1平均运动共振和100年时间窗口内的瞬态行为选择天体。
  • 使用高精度数值积分追踪轨道演化,包括与木星及类地行星的近距离相遇。
  • 对观测弧短且偏心率高的彗星纳入非引力效应。
  • 通过与先前研究(如Kinoshita & Nakai, 2007;Karlsson, 2004)的对比,验证长期可预测性。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1哪些木星非特洛伊共轨天体表现出不同轨道族(马蹄形、小行星形、准卫星形)之间的转换?
  • RQ2在引力摄动作用下,准卫星轨道和马蹄形轨道能持续多久才发生转换或衰变?
  • RQ3观测弧短且偏心率高的共轨天体的可预测窗口是多长?
  • RQ4非引力作用如何影响像P/2003 WC 7和P/2002 AR 2 LINEAR这样的彗星共轨天体的轨道演化?
  • RQ5为何某些天体(如2006 UG 185)的引导中心包围原点,却未被归类为真正的准卫星?

主要发现

  • (241944) 2002 CU 147 目前处于准卫星轨道,且可重复地进入小行星轨道状态,将在共轨区域内保持至少数百年。
  • 2007 GH 6 表现出复合的小行星-准卫星运动,预计在约2030年转入小行星轨道,并可预测至约4500年。
  • 2006 QL 39 和 200P/Larsen 表现为短暂的马蹄形运动,期间被准卫星阶段打断,预计在数百年内离开共轨区域。
  • 2006 SA 387 沿纯马蹄形轨道运行,由于不稳定性,预计在数百年内将离开共轨状态。
  • 2001 QQ 199 和 2004 AE 9 是长期存在的准卫星,至少在数千年间保持该状态。
  • P/2003 WC 7 被确认为木星的准卫星,至少持续至2500年,但其可预测性受限于0.5年的短观测弧和高偏心率。

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