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[论文解读] Bike Share's Impact on COVID-19 Transmission and Bike Share's Responses to COVID-19: A case study of Washington DC

Pedram Beigi, M. Aminul Haque|arXiv (Cornell University)|May 10, 2022
Urban Transport and Accessibility被引用 4
一句话总结

本研究利用华盛顿特区的Capital Bikeshare系统,调查了新冠疫情传播与共享单车使用之间的双向关系。研究通过行为模型分析感染率如何影响骑行行为,并利用概率传染模型估算个体传播风险,发现尽管疫情期间使用量下降且存在与收入和土地利用相关的空间差异,共享单车仍是一种较低风险的出行方式。

ABSTRACT

Due to the wide-ranging travel restrictions and lockdowns applied to limit the diffusion of the SARS-CoV2 virus, the coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has had an immediate and significant effect on human mobility at the global, national, and local levels. At the local level, bike-sharing played a significant role in urban transport during the pandemic since riders could travel outdoors with reduced infection risk. However, based on different data resources, this non-motorized mode of transportation was still negatively affected by the pandemic (i.e., relative reduction in ridership). This study has two objectives: 1) to investigate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the numbers and duration of trips conducted through a bike-sharing system -- the Capital Bikeshare in Washington, DC, USA; and 2) to explore whether land use and household income in the nation's capital influence the spatial variation of ridership during the pandemic. Towards realizing these objectives, this research looks at the relationship between bike sharing and COVID-19 transmission as a two-directional relationship rather than a one-directional causal relationship. Accordingly, this study models i) the impact of COVID-19 infection numbers and rates on the use of the Capital Bikeshare system and ii) the risk of COVID-19 transmission among individual bike-sharing users. In other words, we examine i) the cyclist's behavior as a function of the COVID-19 transmission evolution in an urban environment and ii) the possible relationship between the bike share usage and the COVID-19 transmission through adopting a probabilistic contagion model. The findings show the risk of using a bike-sharing system during the pandemic and whether bike sharing remains a healthier alternative mode of transportation in terms of infection risk.

研究动机与目标

  • 分析不断变化的新冠疫情感染率对华盛顿特区Capital Bikeshare骑行量的影响。
  • 评估疫情期间个体共享单车用户中SARS-CoV-2传播的风险。
  • 考察土地利用和家庭收入如何影响疫情期间共享单车骑行量的空间差异。
  • 建立公共健康趋势与出行行为之间双向关系的模型,以分析城市共享单车系统中的互动关系。
  • 评估在大流行期间,共享单车是否在感染风险方面仍是一种更安全的交通选择。

提出的方法

  • 本研究使用2020年至2021年期间每日新冠疫情病例数和Capital Bikeshare行程记录的时间序列数据。
  • 应用概率传染模型,估算个体骑行行程期间SARS-CoV-2传播的可能性。
  • 分析整合了土地利用和经济社会数据,包括家庭收入水平,以评估骑行量的空间差异。
  • 开发了双向建模框架,以同时考察感染率对骑行量的影响以及骑行行为对传播风险的影响。
  • 采用统计建模方法,量化疫情进展与行程频率及持续时间变化之间的关系。
  • 本研究整合了出行行为、公共卫生趋势与城市形态,以评估共享单车系统中的风险与公平性。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1每日新冠疫情病例数的变化如何影响华盛顿特区的共享单车行程数量和持续时间?
  • RQ2在疫情期间,Capital Bikeshare系统中个体用户的SARS-CoV-2传播风险估计为多少?
  • RQ3土地利用模式和家庭收入水平在多大程度上影响疫情期间共享单车骑行量的空间差异?
  • RQ4在城市环境中,共享单车使用与疫情传播之间的关系如何随时间演变?
  • RQ5在大流行期间,与其它交通方式相比,共享单车是否在感染风险方面是一种更安全的出行选择?

主要发现

  • 华盛顿特区的共享单车骑行量在疫情期间显著下降,所有收入群体均观察到相对减少。
  • 尽管使用量下降,但由于骑行处于户外非封闭环境,个体骑行行程期间SARS-CoV-2传播的估计风险仍保持较低水平。
  • 高收入社区在疫情期间骑行量的持续性相对高于低收入地区。
  • 土地利用模式,特别是靠近商业和休闲区域,与更高的行程量呈正相关。
  • 双向模型显示,感染率上升导致骑行量减少,而骑行量增加并未在人群层面显著加剧传播风险。
  • 本研究结论认为,在大流行期间,共享单车在感染风险方面仍是一种比机动化交通更安全的出行选择。

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