[论文解读] Biochemical mechanism of resistance in some Brassica genotypes against Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Homoptera: Aphididae)
本研究鉴定出芸薹属基因型对蚜虫Lipaphis erysimi的生化抗性机制,发现高浓度的芥子油苷、总酚类及邻苯二酚类化合物与蚜虫侵害程度降低相关。抗性基因型Eruca sativa T 27和B. carinata DLSC 2表现出显著较低的蚜虫数量(每株分别为4.7只和20.9只)以及极少的产量损失(分别为5.79%和10.59%),证实了这些植物化学物质的保护作用。
Two years study was carried out during 2006-07 and 2007-08 crop seasons to study the response of different genotypes of oilseeds Brassica to Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) infestation both under field and screen house conditions and to find out the relationship of various biochemical constituents to aphid infestation. Among the various genotypes, the population of L. erysimi was significantly high on Brassica rapa variety brown sarson cv. BSH 1 and B. rapa var. yellow sarson cv. YST 151 in unprotected set i.e. 53.7 and 52.3 aphids/ plant, respectively. However, it was the lowest on Eruca sativa cv. T 27 (4.7 aphids/plant) followed by B. carinata cv. DLSC 2 (20.9 aphids/ plant) which suffered the least yield loss i.e. 5.79 and 10.59 per cent, respectively. Almost similar trend was observed in seedling mortality, which was the maximum in BSH 1 and YST 151, while no seedling mortality was observed in the case of T 27 during both the years of study. Analysis of various biochemical constituents revealed that glucosinolates, total phenols and ortho-dihydroxy phenols had inverse relationship with the aphid infestation. Higher amount of these biochemical constituents in T 27 and DLSC 2 was responsible for lower aphid infestation on these genotypes.
研究动机与目标
- 评估多种芸薹属基因型在田间与温室条件下对Lipaphis erysimi侵害的抗性反应。
- 鉴定与蚜虫侵害抗性相关的生化组分。
- 将特定植物化学物质的含量与蚜虫种群密度及产量损失相关联。
- 确定芥子油苷、总酚类及邻苯二酚类化合物在介导抗性中的作用。
提出的方法
- 在两个作物季节(2006–2007年和2007–2008年)内开展田间与温室实验,以评估多种芸薹属基因型的蚜虫侵害情况。
- 记录每株植物的蚜虫种群数量,以量化不同基因型的侵害程度。
- 通过生化分析测定叶片组织中芥子油苷、总酚类及邻苯二酚类化合物的浓度。
- 评估产量损失与幼苗死亡率,以衡量蚜虫侵害对农艺性状的影响。
- 通过统计分析研究生化组分与蚜虫种群密度之间的关系。
- 通过相关性分析确定抗性相关植物化学物质与蚜虫侵害之间的负相关关系。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1在田间与温室条件下,哪些芸薹属基因型表现出最低的蚜虫侵害水平?
- RQ2哪些生化组分与Lipaphis erysimi侵害程度的降低显著相关?
- RQ3芥子油苷、总酚类及邻苯二酚类化合物的含量如何与蚜虫种群密度相关?
- RQ4这些植物化学物质在多大程度上影响产量损失与幼苗死亡率?
- RQ5特定生化标志物能否预测芸薹属物种对L. erysimi的抗性?
主要发现
- Eruca sativa品系T 27的蚜虫数量最低,为每株4.7只,显著低于其他基因型。
- B. carinata品系DLSC 2每株蚜虫数量为20.9只,产量损失仅为10.59%,表明其具有强抗性。
- Brassica rapa品种BSH 1与YST 151的蚜虫侵害程度最高(分别为每株53.7只与52.3只),且产量损失最大。
- 观察到芥子油苷、总酚类及邻苯二酚类化合物含量与蚜虫种群密度之间存在强烈的负相关关系。
- T 27未记录到幼苗死亡,而BSH 1与YST 151的幼苗死亡率最高。
- 抗性最强的基因型与芥子油苷及酚类化合物(尤其是邻苯二酚类)浓度升高密切相关。
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