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[论文解读] Catalog of phonon emergent particles and chiral phonons: Symmetry-based classification and materials database investigation

Houhao Wang, Dongze Fan|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jan 24, 2026
Topological Materials and Phenomena被引用 0
一句话总结

该论文提出了一套基于对称性的完整分类来识别声子出现的粒子(EMP)及声子角动量,并建立了一个包含超过两千五百万 EMP 的材料数据库,对大量模态计算了频率和声子 AM。

ABSTRACT

Chirality and topology are fundamental and ubiquitous in nature. Symmetry has proven to be a powerful tool for predicting topological phonons. However, to date, topological phonon emergent particles (EMPs) have not been systematically cataloged in material databases. Moreover, traditional symmetry methods are often inadequate for predicting chiral phonons, because realistic calculations can yield negative results even when symmetry analysis permits phonon chirality. Here, we first establish a complete symmetry-based classification: given any space group and Wyckoff positions (WYPOs) occupied by atoms, the number of occurrences of all (co-)irreducible representations ((co-)irreps) (that can host EMPs) can be unambiguously known without omission prior to expensive and parameter-dependent calculation. Moreover, whether a phonon mode (belonging to one (co-)irrep) is chiral can also be determined from the occupied WYPOs. We then perform a materials database investigation identifying over 25 million EMPs at high-symmetry points and along high-symmetry lines and computing the concrete value of phonon angular momentum for each mode. We demonstrate two main applications: identifying ideal materials with surface chirality momentum locking and identifying materials with giant phonon magnetic moment. All computational data are compiled into a website: http://phonon.nju.edu.cn, which is expected to stimulate future studies on topological and chiral phonons.

研究动机与目标

  • 提供一个完整的基于对称性的分类,用于确定任意空间群及原子占据的 Wyckoff 位置时是否出现声子 EMP。
  • 确定与特定(共)不可约表示相关的声子模态是否具有手性,基于占据的 Wyckoff 位置。
  • 构建材料数据库,用于识别 EMP 并量化真实材料中的声子角动量。
  • 展示应用,如手性动量锁定和巨大的声子磁矩等。
  • 提供一个在线资源,促进在材料数据库中发现拓扑与手性声子。

提出的方法

  • 建立一个完整的基于对称性的分类,给出任意空间群及占据的 Wyckoff 位置的所有(共)不可约表示的重数。
  • 确定每个(共) irrep 的声子角动量表达式以及产生非零 AM 的 WYPO。
  • 用对称性结果定性地在高对称点和沿高对称线识别 EMP。
  • 从 PhononDB@Kyoto-u 数据和 ICSD 材料中定量计算高对称点及沿高对称线的 EMP 频率。
  • 计算每个模态的声子角动量。
  • 编制超过 111,872 个晶体化合物的结果到一个在线数据库。
Figure 1: Schematic workflow of this work (a) and an illustrative material example (b). (a) Symmetry-based classification: Given any SG and the occupied WYPOs, the multiplicities of (co-)irreps and expressions for the phonon AM can be determined. Materials database investigation: Using the symmetry
Figure 1: Schematic workflow of this work (a) and an illustrative material example (b). (a) Symmetry-based classification: Given any SG and the occupied WYPOs, the multiplicities of (co-)irreps and expressions for the phonon AM can be determined. Materials database investigation: Using the symmetry

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1任意空间群和 WYPO 配置下,能承载声子 EMP 的(共)不可约表示的完整对称分类目录是什么?
  • RQ2在不进行昂贵计算的情况下,如何从 WYPO 占据预测声子角动量?
  • RQ3在现有材料数据库中 EMP 的普遍性及其频率和 AM 值是什么?
  • RQ4数据库是否能识别具备表面手性动量锁定或巨声子磁矩的材料?
  • RQ5在线资源如何促进在真实材料中同时存在的 EMP 与手性声子的发现?

主要发现

  • 在材料中高对称点及沿高对称线处发现超过 2500 万个 EMP。
  • 为每种模态计算了声子角动量,并为数据库中的超过 111,872 种化合物汇总了数据。
  • 定性地将 EMP 映射到 Wyckoff 位置,及将不可约表示映射到预测手性,而无需完整计算。
  • 展示了包括声子表面态的手性动量锁定和具有巨大声子磁矩的材料等应用。
  • 提供一个公开网站 (phonon.nju.edu.cn) 托管 EMP 类型、WYPO 坐标、k·p 模型及相关数据。
  • 在若干案例中发现具有巨大声子磁矩(MM)且超过 0.5 μN 的材料,并指出巨大 MM 与 EMP 的共存。
Figure 2: Statistical overview of the materials database investigation. (a-c) Statistics of EMPs identified in materials from PhononDB@Kyoto-u and ICSD, and the number of materials hosting each EMP type. The blue bars represent the number of EMPs. The orange bars represent the number of materials. T
Figure 2: Statistical overview of the materials database investigation. (a-c) Statistics of EMPs identified in materials from PhononDB@Kyoto-u and ICSD, and the number of materials hosting each EMP type. The blue bars represent the number of EMPs. The orange bars represent the number of materials. T

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