[论文解读] Cognitive UAV Communication via Joint Trajectory and Power Control
本文提出了一种认知无人机通信的联合轨迹与功率控制方案,旨在通过干扰温度约束保护主地面对用户的同时,最大化平均可实现速率。通过使用交替优化和连续凸逼近方法,该方法通过智能平衡无人机移动性和发射功率,有效降低干扰并利用有利的信道条件,从而在基准方案上实现显著的速率增益。
This paper investigates a new spectrum sharing scenario between unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) and terrestrial wireless communication systems. We consider that a cognitive/secondary UAV transmitter communicates with a ground secondary receiver (SR), in the presence of a number of primary terrestrial communication links that operate over the same frequency band. We exploit the UAV's controllable mobility via trajectory design, to improve the cognitive UAV communication performance while controlling the co-channel interference at each of the primary receivers (PRs). In particular, we maximize the average achievable rate from the UAV to the SR over a finite mission/communication period by jointly optimizing the UAV trajectory and transmit power allocation, subject to constraints on the UAV's maximum speed, initial/final locations, and average transmit power, as well as a set of interference temperature (IT) constraints imposed at each of the PRs for protecting their communications. However, the joint trajectory and power optimization problem is non-convex and thus difficult to be solved optimally. To tackle this problem, we propose an efficient algorithm that ensures to obtain a locally optimal solution by applying the techniques of alternating optimization and successive convex approximation (SCA). Numerical results show that our proposed joint UAV trajectory and power control scheme significantly enhances the achievable rate of the cognitive UAV communication system, as compared to benchmark schemes.
研究动机与目标
- 解决无人机-地面共频段共享场景中的同频干扰挑战。
- 在有限任务周期内最大化认知无人机-地面链路的平均可实现速率。
- 在移动性和干扰约束下,联合优化无人机轨迹与发射功率。
- 通过干扰温度(IT)约束确保主用户通信不受影响。
- 开发一种高效算法以求解非凸优化问题。
提出的方法
- 建立一个非凸优化问题,以最大化无人机-中继链路(UAV-SR)的平均可实现速率。
- 应用干扰温度(IT)约束,限制每个主用户接收机(PR)处的同频干扰。
- 采用交替优化方法,迭代优化轨迹与功率分配。
- 利用连续凸逼近(SCA)将非凸子问题转化为凸近似问题。
- 对无人机最大速度、初始/终止位置、平均发射功率以及主用户接收机处的IT阈值施加约束。
- 通过一种迭代算法求解问题,收敛至局部最优解。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1如何联合优化无人机移动性与发射功率,以最大化认知无人机通信速率?
- RQ2轨迹设计与仅功率控制相比,对系统性能有何影响?
- RQ3无人机如何调整其飞行路径以最小化对主地面对链路的干扰?
- RQ4与单独优化相比,联合轨迹与功率优化可实现多大的性能增益?
- RQ5通信时长如何影响吞吐量与干扰控制之间的性能权衡?
主要发现
- 所提出的联合轨迹与功率控制方案在平均可实现速率方面优于所有基准方案。
- 当通信时长 T ≤ 60 s 时,仅功率优化的性能优于仅轨迹优化,表明在短时任务中功率控制占主导地位。
- 当 T ≥ 70 s 时,轨迹优化更为有效,表明在较长时长下可充分挖掘移动性增益。
- 当干扰约束较紧时(如 Γ = -90 dBm),无人机轨迹偏离直线,远离主用户接收机以减少干扰。
- 无人机在靠近用户中继(SR)时减速,以利用有利的信道条件;而在靠近主用户接收机时加速,以最小化干扰暴露时间。
- 数值结果证实,联合优化通过平衡吞吐量与同频干扰控制,显著提升了频谱效率。
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