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[论文解读] Comparing coherence measures for X states: Can quantum states be ordered based on quantum coherence?

Sandeep Mishra, Kishore Thapliyal|arXiv (Cornell University)|Nov 13, 2018
Quantum Information and Cryptography参考文献 78被引用 11
一句话总结

本研究调查了不同的量子相干性度量——相对熵、l1范数、偏斜信息和一阶相干性——是否能对X型量子态进行一致排序。通过解析表达式和对X态的随机采样,作者发现相干性度量并非单调:某一度量下相干性更高的态,在另一度量下可能相干性更低。值得注意的是,在相对熵相干性固定的情况下,最大非局域混合X态表现出最高的l1-范数相干性,而Werner态尽管具有相同的相对熵值,却始终表现出低于此类态的l1-范数相干性。

ABSTRACT

Quantum coherence is an essential resource for quantum information processing and various quantitative measures of it have been introduced. However, the interconnections between these measures are not yet understood properly. Here, using a large set of randomly prepared $X$ states and analytically obtained expressions of various measures of coherence (e.g., relative entropy of coherence, $l1$ norm of coherence, coherence via skew information, and first-order coherence), it is established that these measures of quantum coherence cannot be used to perform ordering of a set of quantum states based on the amount of coherence present in a state. Further, it is shown that for a given value of quantum coherence measured by the relative entropy of coherence, maximally nonlocal mixed states of $X$ type (which are characterized by maximal violation of the CHSH inequality) have maximum quantum coherence as measured by $l1$ norm of coherence. In addition, the amount of coherence measured by $l1$ norm of coherence for a Werner state is found to be always less than that for a maximally nonlocal mixed state even when they possess an equal amount of coherence measured by the relative entropy of coherence. These resource theory based measures of coherence are not observed to show any relation with the first-order coherence, while its maximum (hidden coherence) is found to be more connected to concurrence both being basis independent quantities. These observations could be of use in obtaining a deeper understanding of the interconnections between various measures of quantum coherence.

研究动机与目标

  • 确定不同的量子相干性度量是否能一致地对量子态进行排序。
  • 研究在特定态族中广泛使用的相干性度量(相对熵、l1范数、偏斜信息和一阶相干性)之间的相互关系。
  • 识别相干性度量之间相关或发散的条件,特别是在X态的背景下。
  • 探讨这些发现对量子信息中资源理论和非经典性的影响。

提出的方法

  • 对X型密度矩阵的相干性度量(相对熵、l1范数、偏斜信息和一阶相干性)进行解析推导。
  • 对大量随机制备的X态进行数值采样,以比较不同度量下的相干性值。
  • 识别出相干性值比值(相对相干性)最大或最小的边界态。
  • 在相对熵相干性相等的条件下,比较特定物理态(最大非局域混合X态与Werner态)之间的相干性。
  • 进行基无关分析,以评估态结构和非经典关联的作用。
  • 使用已建立的资源理论标准(Baumgratz等)来验证相干性度量。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1能否基于相干性内容使用量子相干性度量来一致地对一组量子态进行排序?
  • RQ2不同的相干性度量在X态之间是否表现出单调关系,还是导致不一致的排序?
  • RQ3在相对熵相干性值固定的情况下,哪种态类型——最大非局域混合X态还是Werner态——表现出更高的l1-范数相干性?
  • RQ4一阶相干性与诸如凹度等其他基无关度量之间是否存在关联?
  • RQ5定义不同度量之间最大和最小相对相干性的边界态是什么?

主要发现

  • 对于给定的相对熵相干性值,最大非局域混合X态在所有X态中具有最高的可能l1-范数相干性。
  • 当相对熵相干性相等时,Werner态始终表现出低于最大非局域混合X态的l1-范数相干性。
  • l1-范数相干性和相对熵相干性并非单调:某一态的l1-范数较高,其相对熵可能反而较低。
  • 一阶相干性与基于资源理论的相干性度量之间无一致关系,尽管其为基无关量。
  • 一阶相干性(隐藏相干性)的最大值与凹度强烈相关,二者均为基无关量,且均量化非经典关联。
  • 相干性度量之间缺乏单调性意味着,没有任何单一度量能普遍地根据相干性内容对量子态进行排序。

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