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[论文解读] Concentration and limit behaviors of stationary measures

Wen Huang, Min Ji|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jul 21, 2016
Stability and Controllability of Differential Equations参考文献 19被引用 3
一句话总结

本文研究了由多重白噪声扰动的常微分方程驱动的福克-普朗克方程的平稳测度的浓度与极限行为。通过使用李雅普诺夫函数和弱∗-紧致性,证明了当噪声消失时,平稳测度弱收敛于无扰系统全局吸引子上支撑的不变测度;此外,在强局部吸引子/排斥子结构下,极限测度根据噪声可容许性而集中于或避开这些集合,结果应用于随机霍普夫分岔。

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we study limit behaviors of stationary measures of the Fokker-Planck equations associated with a system of ordinary differential equations perturbed by a class of multiplicative including additive white noises. As the noises are vanishing, various results on the invariance and concentration of the limit measures are obtained. In particular, we show that if the noise perturbed systems admit a uniform Lyapunov function, then the stationary measures form a relatively sequentially compact set whose weak$^*$-limits are invariant measures of the unperturbed system concentrated on its global attractor. In the case that the global attractor contains a strong local attractor, we further show that there exists a family of admissible multiplicative noises with respect to which all limit measures are actually concentrated on the local attractor; and on the contrary, in the presence of a strong local repeller in the global attractor, there exists a family of admissible multiplicative noises with respect to which no limit measure can be concentrated on the local repeller. Moreover, we show that if there is a strongly repelling equilibrium in the global attractor, then limit measures with respect to typical families of multiplicative noises are always concentrated away from the equilibrium. As applications of these results, an example of stochastic Hopf bifurcation is provided. Our study is closely related to the problem of noise stability of compact invariant sets and invariant measures of the unperturbed system.

研究动机与目标

  • 分析带有多重白噪声的常微分方程随机扰动下平稳测度的极限行为。
  • 确定这些极限测度在何种条件下集中于无扰系统全局或局部吸引子/排斥子上。
  • 建立极限测度避开强排斥平衡点的条件。
  • 将不变集的随机稳定性与可容许噪声族的存在性联系起来。
  • 为理解确定性动力系统中噪声稳定性提供基于分布的框架。

提出的方法

  • 分析与形如 dx = V(x)dt + G(x)dW 的伊藤 SDE 相关的福克-普朗克方程。
  • 利用无扰系统的一致李雅普诺夫函数,证明平稳测度族的相对序列紧致性。
  • 应用弱∗-拓扑收敛,将极限测度识别为无扰系统流的不变测度。
  • 引入可容许多重噪声族的概念,以控制极限测度的浓度行为。
  • 利用隔离邻域和 C2 边界条件,刻画强局部吸引子/排斥子。
  • 使用李雅普诺夫/反李雅普诺夫函数,将动力学结构与随机稳定性联系起来。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1当噪声消失时,噪声扰动的平稳测度在何种条件下弱收敛于无扰系统的不变测度?
  • RQ2在何种条件下极限测度集中于无扰系统的全局吸引子上?
  • RQ3是否可通过选择可容许的多重噪声族,使极限测度集中于强局部吸引子或避开强局部排斥子?
  • RQ4强排斥平衡点的存在如何影响极限测度的浓度行为?
  • RQ5福克-普朗克方程在表征噪声动力系统长期分布行为中起什么作用?

主要发现

  • 若无扰系统存在一致李雅普诺夫函数,则平稳测度族在弱∗-拓扑下相对序列紧致,且所有弱∗-极限测度均为无扰流的不变测度。
  • 当全局吸引子包含强局部吸引子时,存在一族可容许的多重噪声,使得所有极限测度均集中于该局部吸引子。
  • 当全局吸引子包含强局部排斥子时,存在一族可容许的多重噪声,使得任何极限测度均无法集中于该局部排斥子。
  • 若全局吸引子中存在强排斥平衡点,则对于典型的可容许多重噪声族,极限测度始终远离该平衡点集中。
  • 将结果应用于随机霍普夫分岔的实例,说明在分岔诱导吸引子附近的浓度行为。
  • 本文建立了不变集的随机稳定性与可保持或避开这些集合的噪声族存在性之间的严格联系。

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