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[论文解读] Crossover from attractive to repulsive induced interactions and bound states of two distinguishable Bose polarons

Friethjof Theel, S. I. Mistakidis|arXiv (Cornell University)|Mar 8, 2023
Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism参考文献 107被引用 4
一句话总结

本研究探究了一维谐振子势阱中两个可区分杂质的诱导相互作用,揭示了其耦合符号变化导致的从吸引到排斥的相互作用交叉行为。利用费米子多构型时间演化哈密顿量(vMCTDH-B),研究发现:相反符号耦合诱导出反聚束效应和排斥性有效相互作用,而相同符号耦合则导致关联行为并形成束缚态,如双极化子和三极化子,其中三极化子由椭球形三体关联特征表征。

ABSTRACT

We study the impact of induced correlations and quasiparticle properties by immersing two distinguishable impurities in a harmonically trapped bosonic medium. It is found that when the impurities couple both either repulsively or attractively to their host, the latter mediates a two-body correlated behavior between them. In the reverse case, namely the impurities interact oppositely with the host, they feature anti-bunching. Monitoring the impurities relative distance and constructing an effective two-body model to be compared with the full many-body calculations, we are able to associate the induced (anti-) correlated behavior of the impurities with the presence of attractive (repulsive) induced interactions. Furthermore, we capture the formation of a bipolaron and trimer state in the strongly attractive regime. The trimer refers to the correlated behavior of two impurities and a representative atom of the bosonic medium and it is characterized by an ellipsoidal shape of the three-body correlation function. Our results open the way for controlling polaron induced correlations and creating relevant bound states.

研究动机与目标

  • 理解两个可区分杂质与玻色气体之间诱导相互作用如何依赖于其与介质的耦合符号。
  • 研究在不同杂质-介质相互作用区域下,准粒子关联与束缚态(如双极化子和三极化子)的出现机制。
  • 量化组分间纠缠与多体关联在塑造有效杂质相互作用中的作用。
  • 建立相对杂质间距、有效两体模型与完整多体计算在三组分量子系统中的联系。

提出的方法

  • 采用变分多构型时间演化哈密顿量(vMCTDH-B)求解包含两个可区分杂质与玻色气体的三组分系统的完整多体薛定谔方程。
  • 基于杂质间相对距离构建有效两体模型,以与完整多体结果对比并提取诱导相互作用。
  • 利用多体波函数与组分平均场(sMF)变分态之间的保真度分析,量化组分间关联的重要性。
  • 分析有效组分哈密顿量中基态的占据情况,以识别对多体波函数有贡献的微观构型。
  • 映射三体关联函数以识别三极化子态,其在构型空间中表现为椭球形特征。
  • 改变杂质-介质耦合强度(gAC)从吸引到排斥,以探测从关联到反关联行为的交叉现象。
Figure 1: One-body $\sigma$ -species density, $\rho_{\sigma}^{(1)}(x)$ , shown together with the effective potentials [Eq. ( 6 )] of the impurities (see legend). Two distinguishable non-interacting impurities ( $B$ , $C$ ) are considered which are individually coupled to a bosonic medium $A$ with $g
Figure 1: One-body $\sigma$ -species density, $\rho_{\sigma}^{(1)}(x)$ , shown together with the effective potentials [Eq. ( 6 )] of the impurities (see legend). Two distinguishable non-interacting impurities ( $B$ , $C$ ) are considered which are individually coupled to a bosonic medium $A$ with $g

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1当两个可区分杂质与玻色气体的耦合符号相反时,如何导致排斥性诱导相互作用与反聚束效应?
  • RQ2当杂质耦合符号反转时,其有效相互作用从吸引到排斥的交叉行为的本质是什么?
  • RQ3在强吸引区域下,何种条件下会形成三极化子态(定义为两个杂质与一个介质原子的关联行为)?
  • RQ4组分间关联与纠缠如何影响杂质的有效质量和相对距离?
  • RQ5多体关联在多大程度上主导了平均场近似,从而决定三组分系统的基态性质?

主要发现

  • 当两个杂质均以相同方式(均吸引或均排斥)与介质耦合时,它们通过玻色介质中介表现出关联行为,且在两种情况下有效相互作用均为吸引。
  • 当杂质与介质的耦合符号相反时,诱导相互作用变为排斥,导致反聚束与空间分离。
  • 当一个杂质的耦合符号反转时,系统从关联行为明显过渡到反关联行为,该转变直接与诱导相互作用的符号相关。
  • 在强吸引区域,三极化子态形成,其特征为涉及两个杂质与一个介质原子的椭球形三体关联函数。
  • 在凝聚区域(强排斥)中,多体波函数与组分平均场波函数之间的保真度显著下降,表明存在强烈的组分间纠缠与非平凡多体关联。
  • 有效组分哈密顿量的激发态在多体波函数中贡献显著,尤其在排斥区域,证实了平均场描述的失效。
Figure 2: Two-body correlation function (in units of $m\omega/\hbar$ ) between (a1)-(c1) one bath particle and the $B$ impurity as well as (a2)-(c2) among the two non-interacting impurities [see Eq. ( 7 )]. Each column corresponds to the same interaction configuration which is from left to right $(g
Figure 2: Two-body correlation function (in units of $m\omega/\hbar$ ) between (a1)-(c1) one bath particle and the $B$ impurity as well as (a2)-(c2) among the two non-interacting impurities [see Eq. ( 7 )]. Each column corresponds to the same interaction configuration which is from left to right $(g

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