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[论文解读] Degrees of Freedom of the $K$-User Interference Channel in the Presence of Intelligent Reflecting Surfaces

Ali H. Abdollahi Bafghi, Vahid Jamali|arXiv (Cornell University)|Dec 26, 2020
Advanced Wireless Communication Technologies被引用 6
一句话总结

本文分析了在智能反射面(IRS)增强的K用户干扰信道中,自由度(DoF)区域与和DoF,考虑了四种IRS类型:有源、无源、无损无源以及ε-松弛无损无源IRS。研究证明,当IRS元件数量足够多时,即使在无源和无损无源IRS条件下,和DoF也渐近趋近于最优值K,建立了收敛于K的概率界。

ABSTRACT

In this paper, we study the degrees of freedom (DoF) region and sum DoF of the time-selective $K$-user interference channel in the presence of intelligent reflecting surfaces (IRSs). We consider four types of IRSs, namely 1) active IRSs, which are able to amplify, attenuate, and add a phase shift to the received signal, 2) passive IRSs, which are able to attenuate and add a phase shift to the received signal, 3) passive lossless IRSs, which are only able to add a phase shift to the received signal, and 4) $\\varepsilon$-relaxed passive lossless IRSs, which are able to scale the received signal by a number between $1-\\varepsilon$ and $1$ in addition to adding a phase shift. We derive inner and outer bounds for the DoF region and lower and upper bounds for the sum DoF of the $K$-user interference channel in the presence of an active IRS and prove that the maximum value $K$ for the sum DoF can be achieved if the number of IRS elements exceeds a certain finite value. Then, we introduce probabilistic inner and outer bounds for the DoF region and probabilistic lower and upper bounds for the sum DoF of the $K$-user interference channel in the presence of a passive IRS and prove that the lower bound for the sum DoF asymptotically approaches $K$ as the number of IRS elements grows large. For the DoF analysis of passive lossless IRSs, first, we approximate it by the $\\varepsilon$-relaxed passive lossless IRS and introduce a probabilistic lower bound for the corresponding sum DoF. We prove that this bound asymptotically tends to $K$. In addition, we define a relaxed type of DoF called $\ ho$-limited DoF. We introduce a lower bound for the $\ ho$-limited sum DoF of the passive lossless IRS-assisted $K$-user interference channel and prove that this lower bound asymptotically also tends to $K$.

研究动机与目标

  • 表征在智能反射面(IRS)增强的时间选择性K用户干扰信道中的自由度(DoF)区域与和DoF。
  • 评估四种IRS类型(有源、无源、无损无源、ε-松弛无损无源)下的性能表现。
  • 为DoF区域与和DoF推导概率内界与外界,尤其针对无源与无损无源IRS。
  • 证明当IRS元件数量趋于无穷大时,即使在无源与无损无源IRS条件下,和DoF也渐近趋近于K。
  • 引入并分析一种松弛的DoF度量——ρ-受限DoF,并证明其下界同样趋近于K。

提出的方法

  • 推导在有源IRS存在下的DoF区域与和DoF的内界与外界,证明当IRS元件数量超过有限阈值时,最大和DoF值K可被实现。
  • 针对无源IRS,引入DoF区域的概率内界与外界,以及和DoF的概率下界与上界,利用随机相移与统计信道特性。
  • 通过ε-松弛无损无源IRS近似无损无源IRS,从而推导出和DoF的概率下界,该下界渐近趋近于K。
  • 采用ρ-受限DoF框架分析在实际IRS约束下的性能,证明随着IRS规模增大,和DoF的下界同样收敛于K。
  • 应用浓度不等式与概率界,表明当IRS规模增大时,实现高信干噪比(SINR)的概率趋近于1。
  • 通过信道系数与相移的随机分析,推导出在衰落与时变选择条件下DoF的收敛结果。

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1能否通过智能反射面使K用户干扰信道的和DoF最大化至K?在何种IRS配置下可实现此目标?
  • RQ2在DoF性能方面,无源与无损无源IRS与有源IRS相比如何?在大规模部署下,它们能否实现与有源IRS相同的和DoF?
  • RQ3在无源IRS存在下,可为DoF区域与和DoF建立何种概率界?这些界如何随IRS元件数量增加而变化?
  • RQ4无损无源IRS辅助系统的和DoF能否渐近趋近于K?何种松弛模型可支持此类分析?
  • RQ5在无损无源IRS场景下,ρ-受限DoF的行为如何?其下界是否同样收敛于K?

主要发现

  • 当IRS元件数量超过有限阈值时,有源IRS增强的K用户干扰信道的和DoF可达到最优值K。
  • 对于无源IRS,和DoF的概率下界在IRS元件数量趋于无穷大时渐近趋近于K。
  • 通过ε-松弛无损无源IRS对无损无源IRS进行分析,所得和DoF的概率下界同样渐近趋向K。
  • 无损无源IRS辅助系统的ρ-受限DoF具有渐近收敛于K的下界,表明在松弛约束下仍具鲁棒性能。
  • 随着IRS元件数量增加,每个用户实现高SINR的概率趋近于1,这支撑了DoF界向K收敛的结论。
  • 理论界证实,即使在缺乏放大能力的无源与无损无源IRS条件下,其在大规模系统中仍可实现与有源IRS相同的和DoF。

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