[论文解读] Distributed Stochastic Model Predictive Control Synthesis for Large-Scale Uncertain Linear Systems
本文提出了一种用于大规模不确定线性系统的分布式随机模型预测控制(SMPC)框架,采用即插即用架构。通过利用概率可靠集参数化方法,将大规模场景程序分解为具有有限代理间通信的分布式子问题,实现了在事前概率保证下的精确约束满足,同时降低了计算和通信负担。
This paper presents an approach to distributed stochastic model predictive control (SMPC) of large-scale linear systems with additive disturbances and multiplicative uncertainties in a plug-and-play (PnP) framework. Typical SMPC approaches for such problems involve formulating a large-scale finite-horizon chance-constrained optimization problem at each sampling time, which is in general non-convex and difficult to solve. Using an approximation, the so-called scenario approach, we formulate a large-scale scenario program and provide a theoretical guarantee to quantify the robustness of the obtained solution. However, such a reformulation leads to a computational tractability issue, due to the large number of required scenarios. To this end, we present two novel ideas in this paper to address this issue. We first provide a technique to decompose the large-scale scenario program into distributed scenario programs that exchange a certain number of scenarios with each other in order to compute local decisions. We show the exactness of the decomposition with a-priori probabilistic guarantees for the desired level of constraint fulfillment. As our second contribution, we develop an inter-agent soft communication scheme based on a set parametrization technique together with the notion of probabilistically reliable set to reduce the required communication between each subproblem. We show how to incorporate the probabilistic reliability notion into existing results and provide new guarantees for the desired level of constraint violations. A simulation study is presented to illustrate the advantages of our proposed framework.
研究动机与目标
- 解决具有加法扰动和乘法不确定性的大规模随机模型预测控制(SMPC)问题的计算不可行性。
- 克服由于所需场景数量庞大而导致求解大规模机会约束优化问题的高计算成本。
- 通过将全局问题分解为最小协调的分布式子问题,实现在大规模系统中的即插即用操作。
- 通过软通信方案减少代理间通信,同时保持对约束满足的概率保证。
- 为分布式SMPC解提供约束满足性和鲁棒性的理论保证。
提出的方法
- 使用场景方法处理不确定性,制定大规模有限时域机会约束优化问题。
- 将全局场景程序分解为代理间仅交换受控数量场景以计算本地决策的分布式子问题。
- 引入集合参数化技术,以分布式方式表示约束和决策。
- 应用概率可靠集的概念,实现代理间的软通信,从而降低通信频率。
- 基于交换场景的数量,提供约束违反水平的事前概率保证。
- 将概率可靠性概念整合到现有SMPC理论中,以确保在不确定性下的鲁棒性和约束满足。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1如何对大规模随机模型预测控制问题进行分解,以在保持约束满足的同时提高计算可行性?
- RQ2在分布式SMPC中,为保持约束满足的概率保证,所需的最小代理间通信量是多少?
- RQ3基于集合参数化和概率可靠性的软通信方案能否提升可扩展性并减少通信开销?
- RQ4如何将理论概率保证扩展到不确定性下的分布式SMPC框架?
- RQ5在所提出的分布式SMPC框架中,通信减少与约束违反概率之间的权衡是什么?
主要发现
- 所提出的分布式SMPC框架即使在乘法不确定性与加法扰动下,也能实现精确的约束满足,并具有事前概率保证。
- 将全局场景程序分解为分布式子问题,保留了原始问题的最优性和可行性。
- 基于概率可靠集的软通信方案相比完全协调,显著减少了代理间的通信次数。
- 基于交换场景数量,提供了约束违反水平的理论保证,从而能够系统性地权衡通信与鲁棒性。
- 仿真结果表明,该框架在降低计算负载和通信量的同时,保持了大规模不确定系统中的鲁棒性能。
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