[论文解读] Earthquake-induced hazards in mountain regions: a review of case histories from Central Asia -- an inaugural lecture to the society

Hans‐Balder Havenith, Céline Bourdeau|Open Repository and Bibliography (University of Liège)|Jan 15, 2024

Landslides and related hazards被引用 5

一句话总结

本文综述中亚地区地震诱发的滑坡触发因素，并调查了主要地震滑坡事件的案例史，强调两个特别灾难性的大规模滑动以及进行中长期边坡监测的必要性。

ABSTRACT

This paper presents a summary of the main trigger factors of earthquake-induced landslides as well as a review of case histories of major landslide-triggering earthquake events in Central Asia. The Kainama earth-flow case history of 2005 is added to document possible mid-term effects of smaller earthquakes. These events show that in the Central Asian Mountains, two types of seismically triggered mass movements may have particularly disastrous effects: massive long runout rockslides and medium-sized earth flows made of loess -- or a mixture of both. These types of mass movements also significantly contributed to the largest natural catastrophe of the last century in Central Asian mountain regions: the 1949 Khait earthquake.The high impact potential of these types of mass movements is further pointed out through comparison with two worldwide known events, the 1920 Haiyuan (China) and the 1976 Peru earthquake.Case studies had been carried out on rockslides, debris slumps and earth flows triggered by the above-mentioned Kemin and Suusamyr earthquakes as well as other smaller seismic shocks in the Kyrgyz Tien Shan. Many of the investigated landslides had known a complex failure history before final collapse. To better assess the short- to long-term effects of earthquakes on slopes, landslides need to be surveyed more intensively, over mid- and long-terms.

研究动机与目标

• 总结中亚地区地震诱发滑坡的主要触发因素。
• 回顾中亚山地地区发生的重大地震触发滑坡的案例史。
• 记录地震对边坡的中长期潜在影响。
• 突出在该区域具有高冲击潜力的大规模地质运动类型。
• 倡导在地震后加强中长期滑坡调查。

提出的方法

• 对中亚历史地震诱发滑坡案例史的综述。
• 纳入2005年 Kainama 地泥流案例，以说明中等强度地震的中期影响。
• 与全球知名事件（Haiyuan 1920，Peru 1976）进行比较，以便将滑移体的影响置于更广泛背景中。
• 评估所调查滑坡的破坏史，以理解复杂的破坏过程。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 中亚地震诱发滑坡的主要触发因素是什么？
• RQ2 在中亚山地，哪些滑坡类型具有造成灾难的最高潜力？
• RQ3 案例史揭示地震对边坡在短期、中期和长期的影响？
• RQ4 中亚案例如何与国际上著名的地震诱发滑坡相比较？

主要发现

• 有两种地震触发的大规模运动类型显示出特别灾难性的潜力：大规模、长距离滑落的岩石滑坡和中等规模的黄土泥流（或混合物）。
• 若干滑坡在坍塌前展现出复杂的失稳历史。
• 1949 年 喀依特灾难与这些在中亚山地的质量运动相关。
• 克明（Kemin）与 Suusamyr 地震案例，以及吉尔吉斯天山的其他震动，支撑了区域风险相关性。
• 需要对滑坡进行中长期监测，以更好地评估地震对边坡的影响。
• 与 Haiyuan（1920，China）和 Peru（1976）的比较为潜在事件规模提供更广的背景。