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[论文解读] Effective model and pairing tendency in bilayer Ni-based superconductor La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$

Yuhao Gu, Congcong Le|arXiv (Cornell University)|Jun 12, 2023
Physics of Superconductivity and Magnetism被引用 35
一句话总结

本文为 La3Ni2O7 构建了一个双层两轨道模型,并使用 FRG 和多轨道 t-J 框架分析配对倾向,发现由 dz2 轨道驱动的 s± 波配对。

ABSTRACT

Since the discovery of cuprate, the origin of high-T$_c$ superconductivity has been an outstanding puzzle. Recently, high-T$_c$ superconductivity was observed in a bilayer nickelate La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ under pressure, whose structure hosts the apical oxygen between two layers, distinct from multi-layer cuprates. Motivated by this discovery, we investigate its electronic structure using first-principle calculations and superconducting instabilities from both weak-coupling and strong-coupling perspective. Based on the first-principle band structures, we construct a bilayer two-orbital model on a square lattice, consisting of $d_{x^2-y^2}$ and $d_{z^2}$ orbitals, which accurately captures the low-energy electronic properties. Within this model, we study pairing instability using both functional renormalization group approach and multi-orbital t-J model. An $s_{\pm}$-wave pairing with sign-reversal gaps on different Fermi surfaces is revealed, reminiscent of iron based superconductors. The Ni-$d_{z^2}$ orbital and its associated interlayer and intralayer exchange couplings are found to be crucial for the high-T$_c$ superconductivity. Our study provides valuable insights into unique nature of electronic structure and superconductivity in La$_3$Ni$_2$O$_7$ and contributes to the understanding of unconventional superconductors.

研究动机与目标

  • 在压力下的双层镍酸盐中,激发寻找高 Tc 机制,超越铜酸盐。
  • 构建一个双层两轨道模型,涵盖费米面附近的低能电子结构。
  • 使用弱到中等耦合的 FRG 和强耦合的 t-J 方法研究超导不稳定性。
  • 识别配对对称性及 dz^2 轨道在促成超导中的作用。

提出的方法

  • 利用第一性原理的能带结构,在方格晶格上为 d_x2−y2 和 d_z2 轨道构建一个双层两轨道紧束缚模型。
  • 在需要时忽略高能的 dz^2 反键态,以获得简化的三带图像。
  • 应用功能性重整化群以跟踪有效顶点函数的演化并识别主导不稳定性。
  • 使用多轨道 t-J 模型在强耦合下研究配对,并进行平均场分解以得到能隙结构。
  • 分析自旋涨落介导的配对并提取能隙对称性和动量依赖。
  • 讨论三维效应和掺杂对配对倾向的影响。
Figure 1: (color online) (a) Crystal structure of \ce La3Ni2O7 in the high-pressure phase. (b) The illustration of the two vertex-sharing NiO 6 octahedra complex, the corresponding energy splitting of d orbitals, and the electronic configuration of d orbitals for two Ni 2.5+ . DFT band structure (c)
Figure 1: (color online) (a) Crystal structure of \ce La3Ni2O7 in the high-pressure phase. (b) The illustration of the two vertex-sharing NiO 6 octahedra complex, the corresponding energy splitting of d orbitals, and the electronic configuration of d orbitals for two Ni 2.5+ . DFT band structure (c)

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1在高压下 La3Ni2O7 的低能电子结构是什么?
  • RQ2在双层两轨道框架下,弱到中等耦合会出现哪些配对倾向?
  • RQ3dz^2 轨道如何贡献于超导,以及得到的能隙对称性是什么?
  • RQ4层间和层内的交换耦合如何影响 dz^2 与 dx^2−y^2 通道的配对?
  • RQ5电子或空穴掺杂如何影响 Tc 及配对对称性?

主要发现

  • 在 FRG 和 t-J 分析中均发现具有在不同费米面间符号反转的 s± 波配对。
  • dz^2 轨道及其层间和层内交换耦合对高 Tc 超导至关重要。
  • 来自 dz^2 键合态的 gamma 肺以及来自层间 dx^2−y^2 反键态的 beta 肺推动了主导的配对通道。
  • 一个次主 dx^2−y^2 波配对在对角线方向出现节点。
  • 电子掺杂可在不改变配对对称性的情况下提高 Tc,并且跨口袋的符号结构保持不变。
  • s± 态在 α、β、γ 突起之间涉及符号改变,与口袋间散射模式一致。
Figure 2: (color online). (a) The schematic of main hopping parameters in the bilayer two-orbital model. Orbital-resolved band structure (b) and Fermi surfaces (c) from the tight-binding model with a electron filling $n=3$ . The orbital contributions are represented using different colors: d ${}_{x^
Figure 2: (color online). (a) The schematic of main hopping parameters in the bilayer two-orbital model. Orbital-resolved band structure (b) and Fermi surfaces (c) from the tight-binding model with a electron filling $n=3$ . The orbital contributions are represented using different colors: d ${}_{x^

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