[论文解读] Elastoviscoplastic flow in porous media
本研究通过求解耦合Saramito弹性粘塑性模型的Navier-Stokes方程,采用直接数值模拟方法,研究了周期性排列圆柱体阵列中的弹性粘塑性流动。主要发现表明,随着Bingham数增大,未屈服区域显著扩展(在Bi=10时达到总体积的70%),即使在低雷诺数下流动仍表现出时间依赖性,且在高Bingham数下由于屈服区耗散增加,表观渗透率低于牛顿流体情况。
We investigate the elastoviscoplastic flow through porous media by numerical simulations. We solve the Navier-Stokes equations combined with the elastoviscoplastic model proposed by Saramito for the stress tensor evolution. In this model, the material behaves as a viscoelastic solid when unyielded, and as a viscoelastic Oldroyd-B fluid for stresses higher than the yield stress. The porous media is made of a symmetric array of cylinders, and we solve the flow in one periodic cell. We find that the solution is time-dependent even at low Reynolds numbers as we observe oscillations in time of the unyielded region especially at high Bingham numbers. The volume of the unyielded region slightly decreases with the Reynolds number and strongly increases with the Bingham number; up to 70% of the total volume is unyielded for the highest Bingham numbers considered here. The flow is mainly shear dominated in the yielded region, while shear and elongational flow are equally distributed in the unyielded region. We compute the relation between the pressure drop and the flow rate in the porous medium and present an empirical closure as function of the Bingham and Reynolds numbers. The apparent permeability, normalized with the case of Newtonian fluids, is shown to be greater than 1 at low Bingham numbers, corresponding to lower pressure drops due to the flow elasticity, and smaller than 1 for high Bingham numbers, indicating larger dissipation in the flow owing to the presence of the yielded regions. Finally we investigate the effect of the Weissenberg number on the distribution of the unyielded regions and on the pressure gradient.
研究动机与目标
- 理解屈服应力和弹性在多孔介质流动中的作用,特别是在非牛顿流 regime 中的作用。
- 研究在不同Bingham数和雷诺数条件下,弹性粘塑性流动中未屈服(类固体)区域的动力学行为。
- 推导多孔介质中弹性粘塑性流体的压差-流量关系的经验闭合公式。
- 评估弹性(Weissenberg数)与塑性(Bingham数)对流动阻力和压差梯度的联合影响。
- 通过分析屈服应力和粘弹性导致的偏离,挑战达西定律在复杂非牛顿流中的普适性。
提出的方法
- 对代表多孔介质的对称圆柱体阵列单个周期性单元进行流动的数值模拟。
- 求解与Saramito提出的弹性粘塑性应力演化模型耦合的不可压缩Navier-Stokes方程。
- 采用Saramito模型描述流体在屈服应力以下为粘弹性固体,以上则为Oldroyd-B流体。
- 进行时间精确模拟以捕捉非定常行为,包括未屈服区域体积的振荡。
- 计算时间平均压差梯度和流量,以推导表观渗透率的经验闭合关系。
- 参数化研究中改变Bingham数(Bi)、雷诺数(Re)和Weissenberg数(Wi),以评估其对流动阻力和结构的影响。
实验结果
研究问题
- RQ1随着Bingham数和雷诺数的增加,未屈服区域的体积如何演化?
- RQ2在低雷诺数下,弹性粘塑性流在多孔介质中的时间依赖性行为具有何种特征?
- RQ3剪切流与拉伸流在流动的屈服区与未屈服区中如何分布?
- RQ4在不同Bingham数和Weissenberg数下,多孔介质的表观渗透率与牛顿流体相比如何?
- RQ5弹性与塑性在多孔介质中如何共同影响压差梯度和流动阻力?
主要发现
- 未屈服区域体积随Bingham数显著增大,在Bi=10时达到总体积的70%。
- 随着雷诺数增加,未屈服区域体积略有减小,表明惯性具有轻微的稳定作用。
- 未屈服区域体积的时间依赖性振荡导致非定常压差梯度,且在高Bingham数下非定常性增强。
- 在屈服区中流动主要为剪切主导,而在未屈服区中剪切与拉伸流动的分布基本相等。
- 表观渗透率归一化后相对于牛顿情况,在低Bingham数时大于1(因弹性效应降低压差),在高Bingham数时小于1(因屈服区耗散增加)。
- Weissenberg数对压差梯度具有微弱但不可忽略的联合效应,表明经验闭合公式中的系数依赖于Wi和Bi。
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