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[论文解读] Electronic structure and magnetic properties of La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7}$ under pressure: active role of the Ni-$d_{x^2-y^2}$ orbitals

Harrison LaBollita, Víctor Pardo|arXiv (Cornell University)|Sep 29, 2023
Magnetic and transport properties of perovskites and related materials被引用 9
一句话总结

该论文分析压力和电子相关性如何诱发 La3Ni2O7 的自旋态转换,并显示 Ni-dx2-y2 轨道在低能物理中主动支配,而非 Ni-dz2,即使在高压下。这一结论通过在 Amam 到 Fmmm 转变及氧含量变化下的 DFT+U 探讨。

ABSTRACT

Following the recent report of superconductivity in the bilayer nickelate La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7}$ under pressure, we present an analysis of the electronic and magnetic properties of La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7}$ as a function of pressure using correlated density functional theory methods (DFT+$U$). At the bare DFT level, the electronic structure of the ambient and high-pressure phases of La$_{3}$Ni$_{2}$O$_{7}$are qualitatively similar. Upon including local correlation effects within DFT+$U$ and allowing for magnetic ordering, we find a delicate interplay between pressure and electronic correlations. Within the pressure-correlations phase space, we identify a region (at $U$ values consistent with constrained RPA) characterized by a high spin to low spin transition with increasing pressure. In contrast to previous theoretical work that only highlights the crucial role of the Ni-$d_{z^2}$ orbitals in this material, we find that the Ni-$d_{x^{2}-y^{2}}$ orbitals are active upon pressure and drive this rich magnetic landscape. This picture is preserved in the presence of oxygen deficiencies.

研究动机与目标

  • 在压力背景下理解 La3Ni2O7 的电子与磁性结构,以期揭示潜在的超导现象
  • 研究压力与电子相关性如何相互作用,从而塑造磁序和轨道活性
  • 确定在费米能级附近主导的 Ni-3d 轨道,以及随着晶体结构相变的变化
  • 评估氧化学计量在 La3Ni2O7 的电子结构与磁性中的作用

提出的方法

  • 在 Amam 和 Fmmm 对称组下,对 La3Ni2O7 进行在压下的结构弛豫,使用含 GGA 的 DFT 和 500 eV 截止能
  • 使用 AMF 与 FLL 双重计数方案,结合 DFT 与 DFT+U 计算电子结构
  • 在 U 取 1–5 eV、J_H = 0.7 eV 的范围内,探索磁序(FM、AFM-A、AFM-G)
  • 识别自旋态转换(高自旋到低自旋),并跟踪费米面附近 Ni-dz2 与 Ni-dx2−y2 的轨道分解贡献
  • 分析 Ni-dz2 键合/非键合分裂、Ni-dx2−y2 带宽以及电荷转移能 Δ 的演变
  • 考察氧缺陷对电子结构的影响
Figure 1: Crystal structures and structural data of La 3 Ni 2 O 7 from DFT. (a) Crystal structure for La 3 Ni 2 O 7 in the low-symmetry Amam (left) and high-symmetry Fmmm (right) phases. Small red spheres represent oxygen atoms, forming octahedral cages around the Ni (gray) atoms. The green spheres
Figure 1: Crystal structures and structural data of La 3 Ni 2 O 7 from DFT. (a) Crystal structure for La 3 Ni 2 O 7 in the low-symmetry Amam (left) and high-symmetry Fmmm (right) phases. Small red spheres represent oxygen atoms, forming octahedral cages around the Ni (gray) atoms. The green spheres

实验结果

研究问题

  • RQ1La3Ni2O7 是否会经历压力诱导的自旋态转换?若会,其特征为何?
  • RQ2在从 Amam 到 Fmmm 转变过程中,哪些 Ni-3d 轨道主导低能电子结构靠近费米能级?
  • RQ3不同的 DFT+U 双重计数方案(AMF 与 FLL)如何影响在压力下预测的磁性基态?
  • RQ4氧化学计量在压力下对 La3Ni2O7 的电子结构与磁性的作用是什么?

主要发现

  • 在与 cRPA 一致的 U(2–4 eV)区间内,发生从高自旋到低自旋的压力诱导自旋态转变,发生在接近 Amam-to-Fmmm 转变、约 10 GPa 处
  • 在压力-相关性相空间中,Ni-dx^2−y^2 轨道仍然积极参与并驱动磁性行为,即使 Ni-dz^2 状态在费米能级处存在
  • 在常温高自旋相中,Ni-dz^2 键合/反键分裂和 Ni-dx^2−y^2 带宽在压力下发生改变,低自旋态在费米能级显示 dx^2−y^2 优势
  • 在高压下的低自旋基态(实验上观察到超导性)由 Ni-dx^2−y^2 轨道主导,可能与铜酸盐有相似之处,而高自旋态对超导性不太有利
  • 氧缺陷并未消除 Ni-dx^2−y^2 的活性作用,在不同化学计量下保持 dx^2−y^2–driven 的电子结构
  • 从 Amam 到 Fmmm 的结构转变(抑制 NiO6 倾斜)被再现,在完全弛豫下可能倾向于 I4/mmm,与最近的实验一致
Figure 2: LDA non-magnetic electronic structure of La 3 Ni 2 O 7 in the ambient pressure Amam phase (top row) and in the Fmmm phase at P = 29.5 GPa (bottom row). (a,d) Orbital resolved density of states (DOS) for the La, Ni, and O atoms (upper panels) and partial density of states (PDOS) for the Ni-
Figure 2: LDA non-magnetic electronic structure of La 3 Ni 2 O 7 in the ambient pressure Amam phase (top row) and in the Fmmm phase at P = 29.5 GPa (bottom row). (a,d) Orbital resolved density of states (DOS) for the La, Ni, and O atoms (upper panels) and partial density of states (PDOS) for the Ni-

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