[论文解读] Energy Efficiency Testing and Modeling of a Commercial O-RAN System

N. K. Shankaranarayanan, Akash Gupta+10 more|arXiv (Cornell University)|Feb 18, 2026

Advanced MIMO Systems Optimization被引用 0

一句话总结

本白皮书通过全面的功率与性能测量来表征商用 O-RAN 系统的能效，并开发能耗模型以支持生产环境部署中的数据驱动优化。

ABSTRACT

Network energy efficiency is of critical importance to mobile network operators for economic and ecological reasons. The advent of the O-RAN architecture has brought disaggregation and virtualization, and in order to achieve the highest energy savings gains, we need rigorous measurement, analysis, and modeling of energy consumption at both the component and system levels. However, there remains a lack of publicly-available, quantitative data characterizing the behavior of commercial-grade O-RAN systems. In this white paper, we present a detailed energy-efficiency characterization and modeling of a commercial O-RAN system based on comprehensive power and performance measurements, using a network deployment that faithfully replicates a production O-RAN network deployed by a wireless carrier. The results are drawn from an energy test campaign conducted through a joint collaboration between the Open RAN Center for Integration and Deployment (ORCID) Lab Testing and Evaluation (T&E) Project and the Open Networking Foundation / Rutgers WINLAB Energy Efficiency R&D project. The test environment includes an O-RAN system with an AWS-hosted O-CU, a dedicated-server O-DU, and six high-power, multi-band O-RUs. Our results identify the dominant factors influencing power consumption across the O-RAN stack and quantify energy usage variation under different operational and traffic scenarios. These measurements can be used by operators to parameterize power-consumption models, ultimately supporting data-driven energy optimization and more sustainable operation of commercial O-RAN networks.

研究动机与目标

• 推动在解耦 O-RAN 架构中对能耗进行严格测量的必要性.
• 在 varied 条件下表征 O-RAN 堆栈组件（O-CU、O-DU、O-RUs）的功率使用情况.
• 开发并参数化能耗模型以支持优化与可持续运行。

提出的方法

• 进行详细的能效特征化，伴随全面的功率与性能测量.
• 使用一个与生产网络镜像的 O-RAN 测试部署（AWS 托管的 O-CU、专用服务器的 O-DU、六个高功率 O-RU）.
• 识别影响 O-RAN 堆栈功耗的主导因素，并在不同运行与流量情景下量化变动。
• 与 ORCID 实验室 T&E 以及 NTIA PWSCIF 资助项目合作，为模型参数化提供数据。

实验结果

研究问题

• RQ1 商用 O-RAN 堆栈中影响功耗的主导因素是什么？
• RQ2 在 O-RAN 部署中，不同运行与流量情景下的能耗如何变化？
• RQ3 如何将测得的数据参数化为可靠的功耗模型以用于优化？

主要发现

• 从测试测量中识别出影响 O-RAN 堆栈功耗的主导因素。
• 通过所进行的测试活动量化 operational 与 traffic 情景下的能耗变化。
• 可测数据使运营商能够将功耗-消耗模型参数化，以实现数据驱动的能量优化。
• 结果支持商用 O-RAN 网络的更可持续运行。